市政污泥基人工土壤的制备及其环境风险评估  

Preparation of Municipal Sludge-based Artificial Soil and Relevant Environmental Risk Assessment

作　　者：宋桢桢 张必武 高宏宇 杨祥 李继彦 SONG Zhenzhen;ZHANG Biwu;GAO Hongyu;YANG Xiang;LI Jiyan(School of Geographical Science,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecological Security in Fenhe River Basin,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;School of Materials and Chemistry,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Environment and Resources,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西太原030619 [2]太原师范学院汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验室,山西太原030619 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)材料与化学学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]山西大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2025年第2期96-104,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021212253);山西省重点研发项目(202102090301025);吕梁市重点研发项目(2023GXYF03);吕梁市高层次人才引进重点项目(2021RC-2-2)。

摘　　要：基于采矿区生态修复材料的需求,结合市政污泥丰富的有机组分,文章提出了以市政污泥为主要原料、以钢渣、粉煤灰、脱硫石膏为辅料制备了一种用于矿区生态修复人工土壤(SWS)的研究方案。结果表明,SWS的最优制备参数为:原料配比为0.03,水灰比为2.0%,铝粉掺量为0.02%,养护温度为40℃,养护时间为24 h。根据SEM分析,SWS微观结构呈现出较为紧密的层片状排列,孔隙丰富,有助于提高保水性能和降低流失率。重金属化学形态分析表明,Cd、Cu、Ni从酸雨易溶解态/可氧化还原态转化为稳定的残渣态。重金属潜在风险评价表明SWS属于低风险等级,SWS中的脂肪族有机物减少,芳香族类有机物和腐殖质增加,不仅有助于植物生长,也促进土粒胶结成团聚体和团粒结构,增强SWS的抗侵蚀能力。种子发芽实验表明SWS不具有植物毒害作用。该文为矿区生态修复提供了基础数据,也为市政污泥的资源化利用提供了新的策略。In this study,a type of artificial soil(SWS)was prepared in a bench-scale experiment by use of municipal sludge(from a municipal wastewater plant)as the main raw material,and steel slag,fly ash,and desulfurization gypsum as auxiliary raw materials for mining area ecological restoration.Results of the experiment showed that the optimal preparation parame-ters for SWS were:a raw material ratio of 0.03,a water-to-cement ratio 2.0%,an aluminum powder addition rate 0.02%,a curing temperature of 40℃,and a curing time 24 hours.According to the SEM analysis,the micro-structure of SWS was of a relatively tight layered arrangement,rich in pores,which was conducive to improving water retention and reduc-ing ratio of running-off,and the chemical form analysis of heavy metals showed that Cd,Cu,and Ni were transformed from acid rain-soluble/reductor-oxidizable state to stable residual state.In regard to the relevant potential risk assessment of heavy metals,it was showed that the artificial soil SWS was categorized to a low-risk level.The fatty organic matter in SWS decreased,while aromatic organic matter and humic substances increased,which was not only conducive to plant growth,but also able to boost soil particle agglomeration into aggregates and aggregates,enhancing the soil's resistance to erosion.Besides,the seed germination test indicated that SWS had no toxic effects on plants.In summary,the experimental study could provide basic data for mining area ecological restoration,as well as a sophisticated strategy for the resource utilization of municipal sludge.

关 键 词：生态修复 市政污泥 人工土壤 化学形态 生态风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]