穆棱河上游溶解性有机质的光谱特征及对水质的影响  

Spectral Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter and Its Impact on Water Quality Indicators in Upper Reaches of Muling River

作　　者：熊鑫佩 孟凡生[1] 王璐 张铃松[1] 秦亚强 梁朱明 董鑫淼 XIONG Xinpei;MENG Fansheng;WANG Lu;ZHANG Lingsong;QIN Yaqiang;LIANG Zhuming;DONG Xinmiao(Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Jilin Province Ecological and Environment Monitoring Center,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100012 [2]吉林省生态环境监测中心,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2025年第2期119-127,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0506-09);长江黄河流域典型区域指示生物水生态环境质量评价技术(2021YFC3200103)。

摘　　要：为探究黑龙江省穆棱河上游溶解性有机质(DOM)分布特征和对水质的影响,该文通过野外调查和实验室分析,利用荧光参数和平行因子分析(PARAFAC-EEM)解析DOM的组成和来源,利用主成分分析和线性回归分析说明DOM对水质的影响。研究表明:穆棱河上游化学需氧量(COD)、高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量(BOD_(5))、溶解性有机碳(DOC)浓度平均为(36.00±14.00)、(14.58±5.68)、(2.45±0.75)、(45.32±36.67)mg/L,总体上,9月丰水期和11月平水期的污染物浓度较1月冰封期和6月平水期高。比吸收系数(SUVA_(254))、腐质化指数(HIX)、荧光指数(FI)、生物指数(BIX)表明,穆棱河上游水体DOM来源为陆源与自生源相结合,且自生源组分较少,腐质化程度和芳香碳含量较高。相较于冰封期,丰水期和秋季平水期在光化学和微生物共同作用下,自生源组分升高。PARAFAC-EEM共提取出3个组分,陆源类腐殖质占比均高于80%,且冰封期占比更高。11个荧光参数的主成分分析共提取出3个主成分,主成分与水质指标间回归方程的建立表明,穆棱河上游水体DOM对水质指标COD、高锰酸盐指数有较为显著的影响。Field survey and laboratory analysis were conducted to investigate the distribution characteristics of DOM(dissolved organic matter)in the upper reaches of the Muling River and its influence on the water quality of Mudanjiang City,Heilongjiang Province,with the composition and source of DOM being analyzed by means of fluorescence parameter and parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC-EEM),and the methods of principal component analysis and linear regression analysis were used to account for the impact of DOM on the water quality.The investigation showed that the average concentration of COD,permanganate index,BOD5 and DOC(dissolved organic carbon)were(36.00±14.00),(14.58±5.68),(2.45±0.75)and(45.32±36.67)mg/L,respectively;in general,in September(flood season)and and November(normal-level period),the concentrations of pollutants were higher than that in January(icebound period)and June(normal-level period).The data of SUVA254(denoting aromaic carbon content),HIX(humification index),FI(fluorescence index),and BIX(biological index)indicated that the DOM in the upper reaches originated from the combination of terrigenous source and autogenetic source,with fewer autochthonous components and higher degrees of humification and aromatic carbon content.Compared with the icebound period,the autogenetic components increased during the flood season and the normal period in autumn due to the combined effects of photochemistry and microorganisms.Three components were extracted from PARAFAC-EEM,and the proportion of terrigenous humus was more than 80%,and the proportion was higher during the icebound period,and three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis of 11 fluorescence parameters.The regression equation set up between principal components and water quality indicators suggested that DOM of the upper reaches of Muling River considerably impacted water quality indexes such as COD,permanganate index.

关 键 词：DOM 荧光特征 平行因子分析 主成分分析 水质指标 穆棱河 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]