湖南省自然湖泊动态变化特征与驱动力分析  

Dynamic Change Characteristics and Driving Forces Analysis of Natural Lakes in Hunan Province

作　　者：汪驰恒 刘忠保[1] 吕奇奇[1] 彭毅 徐鑫寿 WANG Chiheng;LIU Zhongbao;LYU Qiqi;PENG Yi;XU Xinshou(School of Geosciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Changsha General Survey Center of Natural Resources,China Geological Survey,Changsha 410600,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心,湖南长沙410600

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2025年第2期141-151,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目:东部平原湖区南部湖泊调查(DD20230506)。

摘　　要：湖泊作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,承载着水资源储存和供给、气候调节、生物多样性维系等多种生态服务功能。湖南省作为中国湖泊分布较为密集区域,开展区域内湖泊数量与面积的动态监测,对于合理开发、利用和保护湖泊资源具有重要意义。该研究基于多源卫星遥感数据,揭示了2002-2022年湖南省自然湖泊分布情况及面积、数量的变化特征;收集了对湖泊动态变化具有潜在驱动作用的5个自然因子(年平均日照时数、年平均气温、年平均降雨、干燥度、潜在蒸散发)和6个社会经济因子(总GDP、常驻人口、第一产业总值、第二产业总值、第三产业总值、城镇化率),基于地理探测器定量评价了不同自然和社会因子对湖泊动态变化的贡献大小。结果表明:(1)湖南省自然湖泊主要分布在北部岳阳市、益阳市、常德市等地,2002-2022年面积总体减少255.96 km^(2),数量减少4个,湖泊面积和数量变化呈先减小后增加的趋势。(2)经济社会因子的解释力显著大于自然因子,表明近20年湖南省湖泊动态变化的主要受人类的活动影响。(3)任意2个驱动因子的交互作用q值大于单因子作用的q值,社会经济因子与社会经济因子的交互q值最大,自然因子与自然因子的交互q值最小;第一产业总值、城镇化率和年平均日照时数是影响自然湖泊面积和数量动态变化的主要因素。As an essential part of terrestrial ecosystems,the lake plays a important role of ecological services such as water resources storage/supply,climate regulation and biodiversity maintenance.It is important to carry out dynamic survey in terms of the quantity and area of the lake for the rational development,utilization and conservation of lake resources in Hunan Province,a region of considerable lakes in China.This study,based on the multi-source satellite remote sensing data,reveals the distribution of natural lakes and the characteristics of changes in their area and number within the period of 2002-2022,together with the collection of informative data involving five natural factors,i.e.,average annual sunshine hours,average annual temperature,average annual rainfall,dryness and potential evapo-transpiration,in addition,six socio-economic factors,i.e.,GDP,resident population,the gross values of primary industry,secondary industry and tertiary industry,and the rate of urbanization;moreover,the quantitative evaluation based on the geodetector regards the magnitude of the contribution of different natural and social factors to the dynamic changes of lakes.The results drawn from the study are:(1)natural lakes in the Province are mainly distributed in the areas situated in in the north including the cities of Yueyang,Yiyang and Changde,and during the years of 2002-2022 the lake’s area,on the whole,decreased by 255.96 km^(2),with the diminishing lake number by four,and during this period,the tendency of changes in terms of both of lake’s area and number decreased at first and then increased;(2)the explanatory power of the economic/social factor is significantly greater than that of the natural factor,indicat-ing that the dynamic changes of lakes in Hunan in the past two decades had been largely influenced by human activities;and(3)the interaction q value of any two driving factors is larger than that of a single factor,and the interaction q value of the economic/social factor is the biggest one,while that of the n

关 键 词：湖泊演变 驱动因子 地理探测器 遥感监测 湖南省 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]