青稞鞘腐病菌产毒培养基的筛选及发酵产物对植物毒性的探究  

Screening of Toxinogenic Medium for Hulless Barley Sheath Rot and Study on Phytotoxicity of Fermentation Products

作　　者：董瑞芳 陈李一凡 刘燕 郑昊文 张海峰[2] 姚强 DONG Ruifang;CHEN Liyifan;LIU Yan;ZHEN Haowen;ZHANG Haifeng;YAO Qiang(Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management/Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810003,China;Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects,Ministry of Agriculture/College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810003 [2]南京农业大学植物保护学院/农业部作物病虫害监测与防控重点开放实验室,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2025年第1期51-59,共9页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：青海省杰出青年基金(2023-ZJ-944J)。

摘　　要：近年来,青稞鞘腐病在我国的发生范围逐渐扩大且危害程度逐年加重,该真菌病害逐渐上升为青稞产区的主要病害,给青稞的安全生产带来严重挑战。本文针对青稞鞘腐病菌(Dactylobotrys graminicola)的次级代谢产物进行植物毒性研究。通过比较不同培养基发酵产物的植物毒性,发现寡营养培养液发酵产物植物毒性最强,明显抑制了青稞种子萌发(萌发率为0)及根、芽的生长(根长、芽长抑制率均为100%);借助扫描电镜和透射电镜观察到具有植物毒性的代谢产物能够明显破坏寄主细胞结构;通过对寄主植物酶活性的监测发现,具有植物毒性的发酵产物能够抑制寄主植物的CAT和POD活性。In recent years,the occurrence range of highland barley sheath rot in China has gradually expanded,and the degree of harm has increased year by year.The fungal disease has gradually risen to become the main disease in highland barley production areas,which has brought serious challenges to the safe production of highland barley.In this study,the phytotoxicity of the secondary metabolites of Dactylobotrys graminicola was studied.Through the comparison of the phytotoxicity of fermentation products in different media,it was found that the fermentation products of oligotrophic culture broth had the strongest phytotoxicity,which significantly inhibited the germination of barley seeds(germination rate was 0)and the growth of roots and shoots(the inhibition rate of root length and shoot length was 100%).By means of Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),it was observed that phytotoxic metabolites could significantly damage host cell structure.Through the monitoring of the enzyme activity of the host plant,it was found that the fermentation products with plant toxicity could inhibit the CAT and POD activities of the host plant.The results of this study can lay a foundation for the subsequent revelation of the pathogenic mechanism of hulless barley sheath rot.

关 键 词：青稞鞘腐病 次级代谢产物 植物毒性 生物测定 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]