中国古代景观文学论纲——兼及苏轼诗歌的景观文学史意义  

The Outline of Ancient Chinese Landscape Literature and the Historical Significance of Landscape Literature of Su Shi(苏轼)'s Poetry

作　　者：王永[1] Wang Yong(School of Humanities,Communication University of China,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学人文学院,北京100024

出　　处：《长江学术》2025年第2期27-35,共9页Yangtze River Academic

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代美学命题整理与研究”(21&ZD068)。

摘　　要：景观具有自足的属性,围绕景观也形成了一系列的分支学科。景观文学研究是景观学科群落中必然出现的交叉方向,具有独立于文学景观之外的存在价值。景观文学以景观为出发点,以景观书写为基础,着重考察景与观的丰富耦合关系及其表达经验。在实践上,中国古代的景观文学以诗、文等传统文体为核心。中国古代景观可以分为自然景观(天象、地貌、水文、物态等)、社会景观(城市、村落、市集、民俗等)、历史景观(遗址、祠庙等)、人文景观(建筑、园林、技艺等)四大类别。在中国古代景观文学创作历程中,人文、社会、自然、历史各类景观交融发展,至唐宋蔚为大观。景观文学文献常处于总集文体目录之下的二级分类中,各种类书、按门类编辑的别集也为景观文学研究提供了框架参考和文本来源。三苏《南行集》中苏轼诗歌与《王状元集百家注分类东坡先生诗》的对读,揭示了苏轼在景观诗歌视角下的重要价值。Landscape has the attribute of self-sufficiency,and a series of sub-disciplines have formed around it.Landscape literature research is an inevitable interdisciplinary direction in the landscape discipline realm,with values independent from literary landscape research.Based on landscape writing,landscape literature takes landscape as its starting point,and focuses on examining the rich coupling relationship between scenery and observation,as well as the expressive experiences in it.In practice,The landscape literature in ancient Chinese centered around traditional literary genres such as poetry and prose,and can be divided into four categories:natural landscapes literature(celestial phenomena,landform,hydrology,state of matter,etc.),social landscapes literature(cities,villages,markets,folk customs,etc.),historical landscapes literature(sites,temples,etc.),and cultural landscape literature(architecture,gardens,skills,etc.).In the process of creating landscape literature in ancient China,various landscapes of humanity,society,nature,and history blended and developed,and by the Tang and Song dynasties,it had become a magnificent sight.Landscape literature is often classified into the secondary level under the catalogue of the complete literary style collection,and various encyclopedic works and collections edited by category also provide frame reference and text sources for the study of landscape literature.By comparing the poems of Su Shi in Sansu's Nan Xing Ji(《南行集》)with the poems in Wang Zhuang Yuan Ji Bai Jia Zhu Fen Lei Dong Po Xian Sheng Shi(《王状元集百家注分类东坡先生诗》),we are reminded to pay attention to the important value of Su Shi in the perspective of landscape poetry.

关 键 词：文学景观学 景观史 景观诗歌 《南行集》 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]