紫花苜蓿抗旱育种研究现状及展望  

Current situation and prospects for drought-resistance breeding in Medicago sativa

作　　者：陈彩锦 包明芳 王文虎 尚继红 曾燕霞 沙晓弟 朱新忠 王学敏[3] 刘文辉[1] CHEN Cai-jin;BAO Ming-fang;WANG Wen-hu;SHANG Ji-hong;ZENG Yan-xia;SHA Xiao-di;ZHU Xin-zhong;WANG Xue-min;LIU Wen-hui(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Guyuan Branch,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Guyuan 756000,China;Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]宁夏农林科学院固原分院,宁夏固原756000 [3]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《草业学报》2025年第3期204-223,共20页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF02029);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34);国家科技资源共享服务平台作物种质资源库(NICGR-63);宁夏回族自治区重大农作物育种专项(2014NYYZ03);宁夏回族自治区自然基金项目(2023AAC03439);宁夏科技基础条件建设专项(2022DPC05001)资助。

摘　　要：紫花苜蓿属豆科四倍体多年生草本植物,目前在世界范围内广泛种植,是草食动物所需的优质蛋白饲草资源。发展紫花苜蓿产业对全球各国农业产业和畜牧业都具有重要意义。然而,随着世界范围内干旱等极端气候的频繁出现及水资源短缺,旱灾已是束缚整个紫花苜蓿产业发展的关键因素,培育抗旱性强的紫花苜蓿品种,不但能保持高产稳产,还能节约水资源。因此,本研究主要综述了国内外紫花苜蓿种质资源收集保存及抗旱性鉴定评价情况,抗旱品种审定登记现状以及抗旱育种存在的问题及挑战,并对我国紫花苜蓿抗旱育种工作进行了展望。旨在为我国紫花苜蓿抗旱育种的发展提供技术支撑及参考。Alfalfa(Medicago sativa),a tetraploid perennial herb of the legume family,is widely cultivated around the world and protein forage resource for herbivores of the highest quality.The development of the alfalfa industry is of major importance for agricultural industries and animal husbandry worldwide.However,with the frequent occurrence globally,of extreme climate events such as drought and water shortage,drought has emerged as a key factor limiting alfalfa performance in many regions.Development of varieties with strong drought resistance can not only maintain high and stable yield,but also help to conserve water resources.Therefore,this research focused on reviewing the collection and preservation of alfalfa germplasm resources and evaluation of drought resistance both in China and abroad.The current evaluation and registration status of drought-resistant varieties,as well as the problems and challenges of breeding for drought-resistance,are reviewed in order to promote breeding of droughtresistant alfalfa varieties in China.Our study aims to provide technical support and reference information for the development of drought-resistance in alfalfa breeding in China.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 抗旱性 种质资源 育种 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]