计及多区域直驱风场经VSG控制的MMC送出系统小信号稳定性分析  

Small signal stability analysis of multi-region direct-drive wind farms connected via a VSG-controlled MMC transmission system

作　　者：朱煜昆 贾轩 潘霄汉 朱益华 涂亮 常东旭 王谱宇 ZHU Yukun;JIA Xuan;PAN Xiaohan;ZHU Yihua;TU Liang;CHANG Dongxu;WANG Puyu(State Key Laboratory of HVDC,Electric Power Research Institute,CSG,Guangzhou 510663,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System,Guangzhou 510663,China;School of Automation,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]直流输电技术全国重点实验室(南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司),广东广州510663 [2]广东省新能源电力系统智能运行与控制企业重点实验室,广东广州510663 [3]南京理工大学自动化学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《电力系统保护与控制》2025年第5期11-23,共13页Power System Protection and Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(2021YFB2400900);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目资助(BK2024021615)。

摘　　要：大规模直驱风场并网系统一般由永磁同步发电机(permanent magnet synchronization generator,PMSG)和模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)构成,两者连接后的相互作用机理较为复杂。同时直驱风机的全功率变流器和MMC的常规矢量控制策略会使系统呈现出低惯量和低阻尼的特性,难以保证直驱风场经MMC送出系统的频率和电压稳定。针对此问题,建立了计及多区域直驱风场经虚拟同步发电机(virtualsynchronous generator,VSG)控制的MMC送出系统的小信号模型,对比了电磁暂态模型和小信号模型的动态响应,验证了小信号模型的正确性。当直驱风场的输出功率增加时,系统存在失稳的风险,采用参与因子法分析电压外环控制器和环流抑制控制器参数对并网系统稳定性的影响。基于根轨迹法得到参数的可行域,并对这些参数进行优化,通过PSCAD/EMTDC仿真验证了参数优化的有效性,为参数选取提供了理论依据。Large-scale direct-drive wind farm grid connection systems are typically composed of permanent magnet synchronization generators(PMSG)and modular multilevel converters(MMC),forming a complex interaction mechanism after interconnection.Additionally,the full-power converters of the direct-drive wind turbines and the conventional vector control strategy of MMC result in low inertia and low damping characteristics,making it difficult to maintain frequency and voltage stability in the direct-drive wind farm connected via MMC transmission systems.To address this issue,this paper establishes a small signal model of multi-region direct-drive wind farms and an MMC transmission system under virtual synchronous generator(VSG)control.The dynamic responses of the electromagnetic transient and the small signal model are compared to verify the correctness of the small signal model.When the output power of the direct-drive wind farm increases,the system faces stability risks.The participation factor method is used to analyze the influence of the parameters of the voltage outer loop and circulation suppression controllers on the stability of the grid-connected system.The root locus method is applied to determine the feasible parameter range,followed by parameter optimization.The effectiveness of the parameter optimization is verified through PSCAD/EMTDC simulations,providing a theoretical basis for parameter selection.

关 键 词：模块化多电平换流器 风电场 永磁同步发电机 虚拟同步发电机控制 小信号模型 特征根轨迹分析 

分 类 号：TM7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]