基于单片机的客车安全检测系统设计  

Design of Bus Safety Detection System Based on MCU

作　　者：陈海英 CHEN Haiying(College of Physics and Information Engineering,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学物理与信息工程学院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《太原学院学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期38-44,共7页Journal of TaiYuan University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：客车安全事故频发,急需提高客车的智能化水平。以STC89C52单片机为核心,运用多传感器融合技术,设计了客车安全检测系统,对乘车环境进行实时监测。采用红外检测电路统计车内人数,DS18B20温度传感器测量温度,MQ-2烟雾传感器检测可燃性气体浓度,单片机读取测量数据,与按键模块设置的核载人数、温度阈值进行比较,当检测到的数据超过阈值时进行声光报警,同时在LCD上实时显示温度、人数、警报信息等。当客车超载时,与客车的启动系统产生联动,实现超载自动停车。实验表明,该系统能有效抑制客车超载现象,及时提示火灾警情,为市民的安全出行提供保障。Bus accidents happen frequently,so it is urgent to improve the intelligent level of buses.With STC89C52 microcontroller as the core,a bus safety detection system using multi-sensor fusion technology is designed to monitor the riding environment in real time.The infrared detection circuit is used to count the number of people in the bus.The DS18B20 temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature.And the MQ-2 smoke sensor is used to detect the concentration of combustible gas.The single-chip microcomputer reads the measurement data and compares them with passenger capacity and temperature threshold set by the key module.When the detected data exceed the threshold,the sound and light alarm is triggered.The temperature,the number of passengers,and the alarm information are displayed on the LCD in real time.When the bus is overloaded,it can interact with the starting system of the bus to realize automatic stop of the bus.Experiments show that the system can effectively prevent bus overloading,prompt fire alarm in time,and guarantee the safety of passengers.

关 键 词：客车 超载检测 烟雾传感器 温度传感器 

分 类 号：TN710[电子电信—电路与系统] TP368.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]