黄土丘陵地区侵蚀沟的风险作用与治理机制  

Risk Effects and Governance Mechanism of Erosion Gullies in Loess Hilly Regions

作　　者：刘玥 Liu Yue(Baotou Tongsheng Soil and Water Conservation Technology Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Baotou,China)

机构地区：[1]包头市彤盛水土保持技术咨询有限责任公司,内蒙古包头

出　　处：《科学技术创新》2025年第8期197-200,共4页Scientific and Technological Innovation

摘　　要：黄土丘陵是水土流失问题高发地区,研究分析了黄河流域侵蚀沟形成与分布特征,利用遥感观测三维模型(DSM)与地理信息处理系统(GIS)建立了侵蚀沟风险评估模型。该模型可通过输入地形信息,计算地面坡度与集水面积大小,从而估算区域径流量,模拟侵蚀沟的发生过程,评估侵蚀沟发展规模。研究发现黄土丘陵地区坡面的道路建设显著影响沟头前进距离,水流路径集中效应明显。利用建立的侵蚀沟风险发生评估模型,进行道路建设规划优化调整,在小流域单元内控制风险因子,抑制道路侵蚀作用,使坡面汇流趋于分散,减缓侵蚀切沟的形成和发展。As a critical region prone to soil erosion and water loss,the loess hilly areas have undergone comprehensive analysis regarding the formation and spatial distribution of erosion gullies within the Yellow River Basin.Employing advanced Digital Surface Models(DSMs)from remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems(GIS),we have developed a refined erosion gully risk assessment model.This model calculates ground slopes and watershed areas using terrain data,estimates regional runoff,simulates gully formation processes,and assesses the scale of gully development.Our findings highlight the significant impact of road construction on slope stability in loess hilly areas,particularly its role in concentrating water flow and accelerating gully head advancement.Utilizing the established risk assessment model,we propose targeted adjustments to road construction planning within small watersheds.By managing risk factors and mitigating road-induced erosion,we aim to disperse runoff more evenly across slopes,thereby slowing the formation and progression of erosion gullies.This research contributes to a deeper understanding of erosion dynamics in loess hilly areas and provides a scientific basis for sustainable soil and water conservation strategies in these vulnerable environments.

关 键 词：侵蚀沟 遥感观测 道路侵蚀 风险评估 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]