萝卜生物育种研究现状及展望  

Research Progress and Prospect of the Radish Biological Breeding

作　　者：王庆彪[1] 王艳萍 吴翔宇 郭宇 张丽[1] WANG Qingbiao;WANG Yanping;WU Xiangyu;GUO Yu;ZHANG Li(Beijing Vegetable Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所/蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室/华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室/蔬菜种质改良北京市重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第1期87-99,共13页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230126);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展项目(KYCX202302);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所协同创新基金项目(XTCX202302);国家自然科学基金项目(32372721)。

摘　　要：萝卜是我国传统蔬菜作物,栽培历史悠久、类型多样,在保障“菜篮子”供应和农民增收中发挥重要作用。近年来,随着萝卜栽培方式和消费需求的变化,品种改良和更新迭代速度不断加快。为快速选育出品质优良、抗病抗逆性强、类型多样的萝卜品种,萝卜育种技术正在由常规育种为主逐步向生物育种迈进。本文从种质资源、重要性状优异基因挖掘与分子调控机理、生物育种技术等方面综述了近年来国内外萝卜生物育种研究进展。针对目前存在的种质资源精准鉴定和利用不充分、重要性状优异基因挖掘不足、生物育种技术亟待突破等问题,探讨了我国萝卜生物育种未来研究的重点方向。Radish is a traditional vegetable crop in China with a long history of cultivation and various types,playing a crucial role in the supply of'vegetable basket'and increasing farmers'income.In recent years,the iterative speed of variety improvement and renewal has significantly accelerated,driven by changes in cultivation practices and consumption demand.To accelerate the development of radish varieties with high quality,strong disease resistance,excellent stress tolerance and diverse types,the breeding technologies are gradually shifting from conventional breeding to biological breeding.In this paper,the recent advancements in radish biological breeding were summarized,focusing on germplasm resources,the identification and molecular regulatory mechanisms of elite genes for important traits,and biological breeding technologies.In view of current problems such as limited evaluation and utilization of germplasm resources,insufficient exploration of elite genes for important traits,and the need for breakthroughs in biological breeding technologies,the key directions of future research on radish biological breeding in China were discussed.

关 键 词：萝卜 种质资源 生物育种 新品种培育 基因组 基因编辑 单倍体育种 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]