茄子抗青枯病种质资源鉴定及病菌侵染过程细胞学研究  

Identification of Eggplant Germplasm Resource Resistant to Bacterial Wilt and Cytological Study on Infection Process of the Pathogen

作　　者：郑旭阳 梁梦迪 钟川[1] 王鹏[1] 于文进[1] ZHENG Xuyang;LIANG Mengdi;ZHONG Chuan;WANG Peng;YU Wenjin(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第1期122-129,共8页Vegetables

基　　金：广西科技重大专项课题(桂科AA22068088-2);广西自然科学基金面上项目(2024JJA130134);国家自然科学基金(31660568)。

摘　　要：青枯病是严重制约茄子生产的土传病害,鉴定筛选抗青枯病的茄子新种质,研究青枯菌在茄子植株内的侵染和增殖状况,对揭示抗病机理并推进茄子抗病育种具有重要科学意义。本研究采用苗期伤根灌注法对17份茄子种质材料进行青枯病抗病性鉴定,并采用透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM),从细胞学层面观测了青枯菌在感病茄子根部和茎部增殖的动态过程。结果表明:筛选出了高抗病(HR)材料3份,抗病(R)材料13份;根据发病率和病情指数的变化进程,明确了接种青枯菌后3~7d为发病初期,7~14d为发病高峰期,14d后为发病末期,为表型鉴定提供了依据;发病前期随着病情加重,植株体内的青枯菌数量增多,3级病级时达到最多,根部和茎部视野内的青枯菌数量分别为23个和120个,而至最高病级4级时青枯菌数量减少,根部和茎部视野内分别为2个和23个,说明青枯菌在茎部的增殖速度比根部快,随着病情加重,青枯菌数量呈现先增加后减少的动态变化。Bacterial wilt is a soil-borne disease that seriously restricts eggplant production.Identifying and screening new eggplant germplasm resistant to bacterial wilt,studying the infection and proliferation status of Ralstonia solanacearum in eggplant plants are of great scientific significance for revealing disease resistance mechanisms and promoting eggplant disease resistant breeding.In this study,17 eggplant germplasm materials were identified for the resistance of bacterial wilt by root injury perfusion method at seedling stage,and the dynamic process of Ralstonia solanacearum proliferation in the roots and stems of susceptible eggplants was observed at the cellular level by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that 3 materials with high disease resistance(HR)and 13 materials with disease resistance(R)were screened out.According to the change process of incidence rate and disease index,it was clear that the 3-7 days after inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum was the initial stage of disease,the 7-14 days was the peak stage of disease,and the 14th day later was the final stage of disease,which provided a basis for phenotype identification.The number of Ralstoniasolanacearum in the plants increased with the aggravation of the disease in the early stage,reaching the maximum at the disease grade 3.The numbers of Ralstonia solanacearum in the visual field of the roots and stems were 23 and 120,respectively.By the highest grade 4 of the disease,the number of Ralstoniasolanacearum decreased,with 2 and 23 of visual view in the roots and stems,respectively.It showed that the proliferation rate of Ralstonia solanacearum in the stem was faster than that in the root,and as the condition worsens,the number of Ralstoniasolanacearum showed a dynamic change of first increasing and then decreasing.

关 键 词：茄子 青枯菌 抗病性鉴定 病菌增殖 侵染变化 病菌数量 显微观测 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]