上海地方豇豆种质资源表型多样性分析  

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Local Cowpea Germplasm Resources in Shanghai

作　　者：黄志午 阎君[1] 孟恒宇 潘路招 朱为民[1] HUANG Zhiwu;YAN Jun;MENG Hengyu;PAN Luzhao;ZHU Weimin(Institute of Horticulture,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanghai Key Laboratory of Facility Horticulture,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所/上海市设施园艺重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第1期130-138,共9页Vegetables

基　　金：上海市崇明区农业科技创新项目(2022CNKC0-01-03);上海市农业科技创新项目(2023-02-08-00-12-F04620)。

摘　　要：为了对上海市豇豆种质资源进行进一步精准鉴定,掌握其农艺特性,提高地方种质资源利用效率,以收集的8份上海地方豇豆资源为试验材料,采用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析,对豇豆31个表型性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:8份上海地方豇豆种质资源的31个表型性状的变异系数范围为14%~94%,具有丰富的遗传多样性,其中有5份为早熟品种;相关性分析表明,初花节位与初荚节位、花序柄长与叶柄色、叶柄长与单株分枝数、叶色与荚面、茎色与嫩荚色、嫩荚质量与成熟荚色均呈极显著正相关,荚型与荚壁纤维、嫩荚厚与初荚节位、花序柄长与荚面为极显著负相关,为利用地方种质资源提供参考;主成分分析表明,特征值大于4时前3个主成分累计贡献率达到71.15%,能够较好地反映31个表型性状;系统聚类分析表明,在欧氏距离为12处可将8个豇豆品种划分为3个类群,第2类群(PC737、PC736、PC0932)综合性状较好,主要表现为每花序花朵数一致、单荚粒数多、嫩荚长较长、荚型为软荚、嫩荚色浅绿等,可以为高产和优质品种选育提供参考。本研究为豇豆优良性状的利用及不同类型的亲本选配提供部分理论依据。In order to further accurately identify cowpea germplasm resources in Shanghai,master its agronomic characteristics and improve the utilization efficiency of local germplasm resources,the genetic diversity of 31 phenotypic traits of eight local cowpea resources in Shanghai was analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the variation coefficients of 31 phenotypic traits of eight local cowpea germplasm resources in Shanghai ranged from 14%to 94%,with rich genetic diversity,and five of them were early-maturing varieties.The correlation analysis showed that there were extremely significantly positive correlation between the first flower node position and first pod node position,the inflorescence stem length and the stem color,the petiole length and the number of branches per plant,the leaf color and the pod surface,the stem color and the fresh pod color,the fresh pod quality and the mature pod color,and there were extremely significantly negative correlation between the pod type and the pod wall fiber,the fresh pod thickness and the first pod node position,the inflorescence stem length and the pod surface,which provided a reference for the utilization of local germplasm resources.Principal component analysis showed that when the eigenvalue was greater than 4,the cumulative contribution rate of the top three principal components reached 71.15%,which could well represent 31 phenotypic traits.Systematic cluster analysis showed that eight cowpea varieties could be divided into three groups at Euclidean distance of 12.The second group(PC737,PC736,PC0932)had better comprehensive traits,mainly showing consistent number of flowers per inflorescence,more grains per pod,longer fresh pod length,soft pod type and light green fresh pod color and so on,which could provide reference for breeding of high-yield and high-quality varieties.This study provides some theoretical basis for the utilization of excellent traits of cowpea and the selection of different types of pa

关 键 词：豇豆 种质资源 表型性状 聚类分析 遗传多样性 主成分分析 亲本组合选配 

分 类 号：S643.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]