增程式电动汽车热电发电系统匹配设计与优化  

Matching design and optimization of thermoelectric generation system applied in range-extended electric vehicle

作　　者：陈杰 汪若尘[1] 丁仁凯[1] 罗丁 CHEN Jie;WANG Ruochen;DING Renkai;LUO Ding(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,Jiangsu China;Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期150-157,共8页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划资助项目(KYCX23_3738);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52306017).

摘　　要：为提升增程式电动汽车的燃油效率,针对三种不同排量的增程式发动机进行了热电发电系统的匹配设计与优化,建立了热电发电系统的有限元数值模型,提出了纵-横-垂三维结构优化方法,得到了不同排量下热电发电系统的最优匹配结构,使得在不超过热电材料失效临界温度的同时最大化热电发电系统的净输出功率.仿真结果表明:纵向热电发电片列数、横向热电发电片行数和换热器垂向高度三者不同程度地对热电发电系统的温度分布、压强分布和电压分布产生明显的影响.增加纵向列数和横向行数会使输出电压提高的同时也会导致系统质量寄生损失增加,过大时反而造成净输出功率低下.发动机排量越高,系统最优结构所匹配的纵向列数和垂向高度也越大.To enhance the fuel efficiency of range-extended electric vehicle,the matching design and optimization of thermoelectric generation(TEG)system were conducted for three different displacements of range-extended engines.A finite element numerical model of TEG system was established,and a three-dimensional structure optimization method in the longitudinal,transverse,and vertical directions was proposed.The optimal matching structures of TEG system were obtained for different displacements,maximizing the net output power of TEG system without exceeding the critical temperature for thermoelectric material.Simulation results indicate that the number of thermoelectric module(TEM)in the longitudinal direction,the number of TEM in the transverse direction,and the vertical height of the heat exchanger significantly affect the temperature distribution,pressure distribution,and voltage distribution of the TEG system to varying degrees.Increasing the number of longitudinal and transverse TEM raises the output voltage but also leads to an increase in parasitic losses,resulting in decreased net output power when excessive.Moreover,as the engine displacement increases,the optimal structure matches a greater number of longitudinal TEM and vertical height.

关 键 词：增程式电动汽车 热电发电 数值优化 净输出功率 燃油效率 

分 类 号：U463.99[机械工程—车辆工程]