我国边境地区外来动物疫病防控能力评估  

Evaluation on the Capacity of Exotic Animal Disease Prevention and Control in Border Areas of China

作　　者：郭建梅[1] 李佳瑞 李鹏[1] 王文杰[1] 路平[1] Guo Jianmei;Li Jiarui;Li Peng;Wang Wenjie;Lu Ping(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2025年第2期41-44,共4页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800501)。

摘　　要：为加强边境地区外来动物疫病防控,通过筛选防控能力评估关键要素,构建由3个级别指标组成的边境地区外来动物疫病防控能力定量评估指标体系,并建立评估软件系统,对7个省份71个边境县开展了防控能力评估。结果显示:我国边境地区(东北、西北及西南地区)外来动物疫病防控能力评估得分77.97分;从一级指标看,相对短板是基础能力和发现能力;从三级指标看,主要短板是兽医主管部门设置、监督机构人员数量、疫病控制机构人员数量、继续教育、饲养动物隔离措施、进境动物、进境动物产品、近期疫病流行情况、处置情况、外来动物疫病报告体系、报告病例或疑似病例的处置、流行病学调查制度、应急演练等。全国边境地区外来动物疫病防控能力基本处于同一水平,防控能力从高到低依次是西北、西南和东北地区。不同边境地区既存在共性短板,也有个性短板。基于存在的短板,提出了有针对性的改进政策建议,以期为提升我国边境地区外来动物疫病综合防控能力提供参考。In order to improve the prevention and control of exotic animal diseases in border areas,a quantitative indicator system including three levels for assessing corresponding capacity was constructed through selecting key elements to assess the capacity in 71 border counties of 7 provinces(autonomous regions).The results showed that the capacity was scored 77.97 in northeast,northwest and southwest regions;the capacities of general skills and detection were relatively poor at the first level;there were mainly shortcomings in setting of veterinary authorities,the number of staff in supervision institutions and disease control institutions,continuing education,quarantine measures for captive animals,imported animals and animal products,latest status of animal diseases,response,reporting system of exotic animal diseases,disposal of reported or suspected cases,epidemiological investigation system,emergency exercises,etc.In conclusion,the capacity generally remained the same level in border areas across the country,successively in northwest,southwest and northeast from high to low.In view of both common and individual shortcomings available in the areas,recommendations on improvement policies were specifically proposed to guide the improvement of the comprehensive capacity of prevention and control of exotic animal diseases in border areas of China.

关 键 词：边境地区 外来动物疫病 防控能力 定量评估 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]