一种顾及几何约束的机载LiDAR点云建筑物轮廓线提取方法  

An Automatic Extraction Method of Building Outlines Based on Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Data with Emphasis on Geometric Constraints

作　　者：石义煌 蔡湛 SHI Yihuang;CAI Zhan(School of Resource and Environmental Science and Engineering,Hubei Institute of Science and Technology,Xianning 437000,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北科技学院资源环境科学与工程学院,湖北咸宁437000 [2]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京211100 [3]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘科学技术学报》2025年第1期68-73,共6页Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科研中青年人才项目(Q20202801);湖北科技学院博士启动基金项目(L07903/170428)。

摘　　要：建筑物是城市区域的主要地物之一。建筑物轮廓线的有效提取对于建筑物三维建模十分重要。机载激光雷达技术是近年来较为新颖的直接获取地表信息的手段,用其生成的点云数据可直接提取建筑物轮廓线。针对点云数据提取轮廓线中阈值半径不易控制的问题,提出一种直接从机载激光雷达点云数据提取建筑物轮廓线的方法。首先,进行建筑物轮廓点提取,利用三角函数和斜率来获取初始轮廓点;然后采用多项式和最小二乘原理对轮廓线进行拟合;接着进行轮廓线规则化和轮廓线扩展;最后计算角点。根据实验结果得到的角点中误差可知,该方法能够准确地从点云数据中提取完整的建筑物轮廓线。Buildings are the main feature in urban area and the accurate extraction of building outlines is essential for building reconstruction.Airborne LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging)technology is a relatively new way to obtain the earth's surface information directly,and the point cloud data generated by this way can be used for building outline extraction.For the problem that the threshold radius is not easily controlled in the extraction of the contour lines from point cloud data,a method of extracting building contour lines directly from airborne LiDAR point cloud data is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the original building edge points are extracted,and the trigonometric functions and slopes are utilized to obtain initial contour points.Secondly,outline fitting is conducted using polynomial and least squares principles.Then,the fitted outlines are regularized and extended.Finally,the coordinate of each corner point can be calculated.According to the error of the corner points obtained from the experimental results,it is evident that the complete building outlines can be accurately extracted from the point cloud data by using the proposed method.

关 键 词：机载激光雷达 轮廓点提取 轮廓线拟合 轮廓线规则化 几何约束 

分 类 号：P231[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]