基于有限元的剪切拉伸试样几何优化研究  

Study on Geometric Optimization of Shear-Tensile Specimen Based on Finite Element Method

作　　者：邓亮 毛轩 娄思源 DENG Liang;MAO Xuan;LOU Siyuan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai University ofApplied Science,Shanghai 201400,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学机械工程学院,上海201400

出　　处：《力学季刊》2025年第1期193-201,共9页Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005339);高端装备界面科学与技术全国重点实验室开放基金(SKLTKF22B16),上海应用技术大学协同创新基金(XTCX2024-02)。

摘　　要：剪切断裂模型是用于描述金属断裂行为的重要工具,而剪切拉伸试验则是校准其参数的关键基础试验.然而,现有剪切拉伸试验在剪切应力状态下获得的最大应变较小,难以满足大应变条件下的稳定剪切状态.本文利用LS-DYNA软件进行有限元分析,对四种不同的剪切拉伸试样进行模拟,验证其本构模型和边界条件的可行性.参考GB/T34487-2017中的剪切拉伸试样图,设计了一种新型剪切拉伸试样.该设计在保证不发生断裂的情况下,使应力三轴度波动保持在±0.05以内,并实现了10%的有效塑性应变.Shear fracture models play a crucial role in characterizing metal fracture,with shear tensile tests serving as the fundamental method for calibrating their parameters.However,existing shear tensile experiments often achieve limited maximum strain,making it difficult to maintain a stable shear state under large strain conditions.In this study,finite element analysis was conducted using LS-DYNA to simulate four distinct shear-tensile specimens,verifying the feasibility of their constitutive model and boundary conditions.Based on the guidelines from GB/T 34487-2017,a novel shear-tensile specimen is proposed.This new design ensures minimal stress triaxiality fluctuations(within±0.05)and achieves an effective plastic strain of up to 10% prior to fracture.

关 键 词：剪切断裂模型 剪切拉伸试验 有限元分析 应力三轴度 有效塑性应变 

分 类 号：TB301[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB302.3