基于胜任力理论的社区签约护士阶段发展目标研制  

Development of stage specific goals for community contracted nursing based on competency theory

作　　者：刘雪冰 许亚红[1] 王丽[2] 闫煜然 刘宁静 LIU Xuebing;XU Yahong;WANG Li;YAN Yuran;LIU Ningjing(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing100069,China;Department of Nursing,Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center,Fengtai District,Beijing100078,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100069 [2]北京市丰台区方庄社区卫生服务中心护理部,北京100078

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2025年第6期180-184,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技计划以及社科计划资助项目(SM202010025004)。

摘　　要：目的明确签约护士不同发展阶段的目标,合理划分不同阶段签约护士的胜任力标准,提炼各阶段的特征。方法通过文献检索和分析,在明确签约护士胜任力维度的基础上,参考国外社区护士分级管理实践结合Benner“从新手到专家”理论,初步拟定签约护士的4个阶段发展目标及相关条目;运用目的抽样法选取15名专家,自2023年11月至2024年4月开展两轮专家函询;发放电子专家问卷,咨询专家对阶段划分合理性、不同发展阶段护士胜任力特征描述合理性的意见进行总结,统计专家的积极程度、权威程度及意见协调程度。结果第1轮问卷有效回收率为100%,专家权威系数为0.917,协调系数为0.24(P<0.05);第2轮问卷有效回收率为100%,签约护士阶段划分合理性赋值均分为4.67~5.00分,内容描述合理性赋值均分为4.07~5.00分,专家权威系数为0.900,协调系数为0.36(P<0.05)。经过两轮函询后,将签约护士划分为4个阶段,分别为初级、胜任、精通和专家阶段,签约护士的能力发展具有阶段性,不同成长阶段胜任力水平递增且各有侧重。结论对社区签约护士胜任力发展进行分阶段描述,符合护士能力发展规律和护士职业发展的特点,可为社区护理人力资源分级管理的探索提供参考依据。Objective To clarify the objectives of different development stages of contracted nurses,reasonably divide the competency standards of contracted nurses at different stages,and extract the characteristics of each stage.Methods Through literature review and analysis,based on the clear dimensions of competency for contracted nurses,and referring to the practice of community nurse grading management abroad combined with Benner’s“from novice to expert”theory,preliminary development goals and related items for four stages of contracted nurses were formulated.Objective sampling method was used,15 experts were selected to conduct two rounds of expert consultation from November 2023 to April 2024.Electronic expert questionnaires were distributed to consult experts on the rationality of stage division and the rationality of the description of competency characteristics of nurses at different developmental stages.The opinions were summarized,and the experts’level of enthusiasm,authority,and degree of opinion coordination were statistically analyzed.Results The effective questionnaires recovery rate 100%,with an expert authority coefficient of 0.917 and a coordination coefficient of 0.24(P<0.05).In the second round,the effeceive questionnaires recovery rate 100%.The rationality of the stage division for contracted nurses was assigned scores ranging from 4.67 to 5.00,while the rationality of the content description was assigned scores ranging from 4.07 to 5.00.The expert authority coefficient increased to 0.900,and the coordination coefficient rose to 0.36(P<0.05).After two rounds of inquiries,it was determined that contracted nurses could be divided into four stages:novice,competent,proficient,and the expert stage.The capability development of contracted nurses was found to be phased,with each growth stage showing an incremental level of competency and different focuses.Conclusion Describing the competency development of community contracted nurses in stages,in accordance with the laws of nurse competency developmen

关 键 词：家庭签约服务 签约护士 发展阶段 专家函询法 社区护理 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]