磁性液体密封液体介质结构实验研究及优化设计  

Optimization design of liquid medium structure of magnetic fluid seal

作　　者：钱乐平 沈小丽 黄勇 邵中魁 QIAN Leping;SHEN Xiaoli;HUANG Yong;SHAO Zhongkui(Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310051,China;Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Pump and Motors,Hangzhou 310051,China;Zhejiang Machinery and Electrical Group Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310002,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省机电设计研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310051 [2]浙江省泵及电机重点实验室,浙江杭州310051 [3]浙江省机电集团有限公司,浙江杭州310002

出　　处：《机电工程》2025年第3期481-490,共10页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGG21E050023)。

摘　　要：磁性液体密封具有无磨损、自洁净、寿命长、全过程零泄漏等优点,被广泛应用于真空及气体密封领域,然而其在用于密封液体介质时,密封性能较差。针对上述问题,在现有磁性液体密封结构的基础上,进行了磁性液体密封液体介质结构研究及优化设计。首先,提出了四组磁性液体密封与阶梯式迷宫密封组合的密封结构形式;然后,利用有限元方法,借助ANSYS电磁场模块及Fluent软件,对四组组合密封结构开展了磁场和流场仿真计算及分析研究;最后,为了验证上述仿真优化方法的可行性,搭建了实验台,进行实验研究和对比分析。研究结果表明:仿真计算中,四组组合密封结构相比典型磁性液体密封结构,耐压能力均有显著提升,其中最大提升幅度可达到201.05%,最小提升幅度为17.80%;同时,四组组合密封结构中,耐压能力最大的第三组结构可达到耐压能力最小的第四组结构的2.56倍;实验结果表明,第三组组合密封耐压能力最大值为1.22 MPa,相比仿真结果下降了23.67%,但相比典型磁性液体密封仍提高了144%,从而验证了该仿真优化设计方法的可行性。由此可推断出,阶梯型迷宫路径结构对组合密封整体的耐压能力影响较大;合理设计阶梯型迷宫密封结构,增加迷宫路径的转折突变,能够提高组合密封结构的整体耐压能力。Magnetic fluid seals have the advantages of no wear,self-cleaning,long service life,and zero leakage throughout the entire process,therefore they are widely used in the fields of vacuum and gas sealing.However,the liquid media sealing performance of magnetic fluid seals is poor due to the influence of interface instability.Based on the existing magnetic fluid sealing structure,research and optimization design of magnetic fluid sealing medium structure were carried out to address the above issues.Firstly,a sealing structure combining four sets of magnetic fluid seals and a stepped labyrinth seal was proposed.Then,using finite element method and ANSYS electromagnetic field module and Fluent software,magnetic field and flow field simulation calculations and analysis were carried out on the four groups of composite sealing structures.Finally,in order to verify the feasibility of the above simulation optimization method,an experimental platform was built,and experimental research and comparative analysis were carried out.The research result shows that the pressure resistance of the combination seal structures is significantly improved compared to the typical magnetic fluid seal structures in simulation results,with the maximum increase reaching 201.05%and the minimum increase being 17.80%.In the meantime,among the four combined sealing structures,the third structure with the highest-pressure resistance can reach 2.56 times as the fourth structure with the lowest pressure resistance.The experimental result shows that the maximum pressure resistance of the third combination seal is 1.22 MPa,it is 23.67%lower than the simulation results,but still 144%higher than typical magnetic fluid seals.It is inferred that the stepped labyrinth path structure has a significant impact on the overall pressure resistance of the combined seal structure,and a reasonable design of the stepped labyrinth seal structure and an increase of the turning and mutation of the labyrinth path can improve the overall pressure resistance of the combine

关 键 词：磁性液体密封结构 阶梯式迷宫密封 密封性能 组合密封结构 耐压分析 FLUENT 

分 类 号：TH134[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB42[一般工业技术]