被动型离子液体电喷推力器寿命影响因素分析  

Influencing Factors Analysis of Lifetime of Passive Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thruster

作　　者：武志文[1] 孙伟 郭云涛 孙振宁 杜泽宁 李锦 王宁飞[1] WU Zhiwen;SUN Wei;GUO Yuntao;SUN Zhenning;DU Zening;LI Jin;WANG Ningfei(School of Astronautics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [2]北京电子工程总体研究所,北京100039

出　　处：《宇航学报》2025年第1期157-167,共11页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U22B20120)。

摘　　要：被动型离子液体电喷推力器具备结构简单、体积小、比冲高等特点。分析了工程化应用对寿命和总冲提出的需求,总结了国内外研究单位在被动型电喷推力器寿命方面的研究现状。随后针对影响推力器寿命的因素展开分析,包括短路、放电、推进剂供给不稳定、电化学反应和提取极腐蚀。最后提出了延长被动型电喷推力器寿命的策略,包括使用小型化泵阀和自由液面储箱、开发与推力器工况相匹配的高比表面积电极和通过精密加工和装配技术获得更精确的电极参数。所提策略为被动型离子液体电喷推力器的设计和工程化应用提供了参考。Passive ionic liquid electrospray thrusters exhibit properties such as simplistic structure,small volume,and high specific impulse.The requirements of engineering application regarding lifespan and total impact are analyzed,and the research status of the lifespan of passive electrospray thrusters both domestically and internationally is summarized.Subsequently,the factors influencing the lifespan of the thruster are analyzed,including short circuits,discharges,unstable propellant supply,electrochemical reactions,and extractor corrosion.Finally,several strategies to extend the lifespan of the passive electrospray thrusters are proposed,such as the utilization of miniaturized pumps and valves and tanks with free liquid surface,the development of high-specific surface area electrodes that match the working condition of the thruster,and the precision machining and assembly technology to acquire more accurate electrode parameters.This provides a reference for the design and engineering application of passive ionic liquid electrospray thrusters.

关 键 词：电推进 被动型 离子液体 电喷推力器 寿命 

分 类 号：V439.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]