社会经济地位与女性生育意愿的关系:儿童价值的中介作用  

The Relationships Between Socioeconomic Status and Women's Fertility Intention:The Mediating Role of the Value of Children

作　　者：邢淑芬 张娜[2] 李翘而 唐楚涵 XING Shufen;ZHANG Na;LI Qiaoer;TANG Chuhan

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理学院,100048 [2]首都师范大学,100048

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2025年第2期31-39,共9页Journal of China Women's University

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金2021年度重点项目“北京市学龄儿童心理健康的现状及风险因素预警”的研究成果,项目编号:21JYA003。

摘　　要：我国正面临生育率不断降低,考察影响女性生育意愿的影响因素和内在机制迫在眉睫。本研究采用377名女性考察了女性的社会经济地位与其儿童价值和生育意愿的关系模式,进一步考察儿童价值在社会经济地位和生育意愿之间的中介机制。结果发现:(1)女性的受教育程度和家庭月收入对理想子女数的预测作用均不显著,两者不存在线性或非线性关系;(2)女性的受教育程度与男孩偏好呈曲线关系,当受教育程度超过初中学历后,其男孩偏好程度随受教育程度的提高而下降;家庭月收入显著负向预测男孩偏好;(3)儿童物质价值在女性的受教育程度与生育意愿间起中介作用,即女性受教育程度的提高可以通过降低儿童的物质价值进一步降低其理想子女数和性别偏好。本研究揭示了女性的社会经济地位与儿童价值和生育意愿的关系,为党的二十大提出的“建立生育支持政策体系,实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略”提供实证支持。Currently,China is faced with social problems such as decreasing fertility rate and aging population.Therefore,it is essential to investigate the influential factors and internal mechanisms of female fertility intention.In this study,377 women were employed to examine the relationship between women's SES,their fertility intention and value of children,and further explore the mediation role of value of children between SES and fertility intention.The results show that:(1)The primary and secondary terms of education level and family monthly income have no significant predictive effects on the number of ideal children,and there is no linear or non-linear relationship between them.(2)There is a curve relationship between female educational level and boy preference.Specifically,boy preference decreases with the increase of female educational level when education level exceeds junior middle school education;family monthly income can significantly and negatively predict boy preference.(3)Material value of children plays a mediating role in the relationship between female educational level and reproductive intention.Specifically,the improvement of female educational level leads to the decrease of the ideal number of children and gender preference by reducing the material value of children.This study reveals the relationships between SES,value of children and women's fertility intention.The research results provided empirical support for the"establishment of fertility support policy system and implementation of national strategy to actively cope with population aging"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

关 键 词：女性 生育意愿 儿童价值 社会经济地位 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]