大兴安岭北部根河流域多年冻土分布调查结果初步分析  

Preliminary analysis of permafrost distribution in Genhe River basin in the northern Da Xing’anling Mountains

作　　者：张煜 赵林 邹德富 胡国杰 肖敏轩 刘广岳 杜二计 肖瑶 王翀 刘世博 刘亚东 汪凌霄 汪远伟 李智斌 张钰鑫 赵建婷 王逸玮 储晓煜 兀艺凡 焦雪玲 ZHANG Yu;ZHAO Lin;ZOU Defu;HU Guojie;XIAO Minxuan;LIU Guangyue;DU Erji;XIAO Yao;WANG Chong;LIU Shibo;LIU Yadong;WANG Lingxiao;WANG Yuanwei;LI Zhibin;ZHANG Yuxin;ZHAO Jianting;WANG Yiwei;CHU Xiaoyu;WU Yifan;JIAO Xueling(School of Geographical Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Cryosphere Research Station on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学地理科学学院,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,冰冻圈科学与冻土工程全国重点实验室,藏北高原冰冻圈特殊环境与灾害国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2025年第1期139-152,共14页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：科技部科技基础资源调查项目(2022FY100702,2022FY100704);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U20A2082)资助。

摘　　要：我国东北地区的多年冻土位于环北极多年冻土分布区的南缘,连续性较差,对地形地貌和地表覆被条件变化极为敏感,其分布和特征的空间异质性较高。对东北多年冻土分布规律认识的不足,极大限制了多年冻土对气候变化的响应及其对区域气候、生态和水文及工程建设等影响的评估和预估。本文以大兴安岭北部的根河流域为研究区,基于野外调查和观测资料分析了东北多年冻土的分布规律。调查数据主要来自2023年开展的20个钻孔的编目及测温记录,钻探工作沿根河下游至上游布设的6个调查剖面开展,覆盖了流域内主要植被和地貌类型。结果显示,根河流域草地农田区的多年冻土主要呈条带状分布于低洼潮湿地区,区域内道路具有明显冻融起伏现象;森林区的多年冻土分布较为广泛但并不连续,多年冻土分布受地形影响极大:山间低洼地区多年冻土发育较好,而在向阳的陡坡、根河干流河床以及自然干涸的沼泽湿地内均未发现多年冻土。研究区内多年冻土的分布与植被类型密切相关,而已有的东北多年冻土分布图很大程度上高估了多年冻土的实际面积;未来东北地区多年冻土制图工作需综合考虑植被类型、地形和河流等局地因子对多年冻土分布的综合影响。Permafrost in Northeast China is situated at the southern edge of the circum-Arctic permafrost zones,exhibiting low areal continuity of permafrost distribution.The spatial heterogeneity of permafrost distribution and other characteristics in this region is notably higher than in other regions due to its high sensitivity to changes in topography and land cover types.Despite numerous research had been conducted on permafrost distribution in Northeast China,the understanding of the laws of permafrost distribution in this region still remain inadequate,significantly limiting our prudent and correct adaption to the responses of permafrost to climate change,as well as the proper and scientific assessment and estimation of the impacts of changing climate,on ecology,hydrology,and engineering construction in Northeast China.Clarifying the distribution of permafrost holds great significance for research in climate environment,forest ecosystem,hydrological processes,economic development and infrastructure in Northeast China.This study took the Genhe River basin,the core distribution area of permafrost in Northeast China,as the research area,and analyzed the distribution laws of permafrost in Northeast China based on field investigation and observation data.The survey data used in this study mainly came from the catalog of 20 boreholes produced in the survey work in 2023 and the ground temperature monitoring data at different depths in boreholes.All drilling work was carried out on six survey profiles laid out from west to east along the lower to the upper reaches of Genhe River basin.There were significant differences in the combination of environmental factors,such as elevation,land cover types,and topography among each profile.The results revealed that in the grassland and farmland areas in the Genhe River basin, permafrost mainly distributed instrips in low-lying and wet areas. Some roads in this area had rolling surfaces resulted from ground thaw settlement and pavement breakups, as well as cracks. They were caused by g

关 键 词：东北地区 大兴安岭 根河流域 冻土分布 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]