“先置”与“后致”:家庭资本与人力资本何以影响高校毕业生就业质量  

"Pre-set"and"Post-acquired":How Family Capital and Human Capital Affect the Employment Quality of College Graduates

作　　者：张文娟[1] 李雪辉 Zhang Wenjuan;Li Xuehui

机构地区：[1]青岛大学教育科学学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《山东高等教育》2025年第1期69-74,92,共7页Review of Higher Education

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目“山东高校本科毕业生就业质量与职业发展研究”(2021QZD009)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：实现高质量充分就业是我国“十四五”时期发展的重要目标,高校毕业生作为就业重点关注群体,其就业质量备受关注。基于2022年全国高校毕业生就业调查数据,从就业起薪、就业单位类型、就业满意度三个方面对高校毕业生的就业质量进行研究,结合回归分析和中介效应检验,探讨“先置”的家庭资本和“后致”的人力资本对高校毕业生就业质量的影响机制与作用路径。回归分析结果表明,不同类型的家庭资本和人力资本对高校毕业生的就业质量具有显著影响,并且“后致”的人力资本的影响相对更大。中介效应检验结果表明,“后致”人力资本在“先置”社会资本与就业质量间起部分中介作用。家庭资本不仅对就业质量有直接影响,还通过提升人力资本间接影响就业质量,且主要通过教育获得产生间接影响,能力表现的间接效应次之。研究为理解“先置”与“后致”因素如何塑造高校毕业生就业质量提供了新视角,并对提升教育公平和就业质量提升具有一定的实践启示。Using regression analysis and mediation effect tests,the study explores the mechanisms and pathways through which"pre-set"family capital and"post-acquired"human capital influence the employment quality of college graduates.The regression analysis results show that different types of family capital and human capital have significant impacts on the employment quality of college graduates,with"post-acquired"human capital having a relatively greater influence.The mediation effect tests reveal that"post-acquired"human capital partially mediates the relationship between"pre-set"social capital and employment quality.Family capital not only directly affects employment quality but also indirectly influences it by enhancing human capital,primarily through educational attainment,followed by competency performance.This research provides a new perspective on understanding how"pre-set"and"post-acquired"factors shape the employment quality of college graduates and offers practical insights for improving educational equity and employment quality.

关 键 词：就业质量 家庭资本 人力资本 高校毕业生 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]