不同年龄组变应性鼻炎患者舌下含服尘螨滴剂免疫治疗的疗效分析  

Efficacy analysis of sublingual immunotherapy using dust mite drops in patients with allergic rhinitis across various age groups

作　　者：汪萍[1] WANG Ping(Department of Otolaryngology,Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jiangsu,Changzhou 213003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省常州市中医医院耳鼻咽喉科,江苏常州213003

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2025年第4期131-134,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的研究粉尘螨滴剂舌下特异性免疫治疗(SLIT)对不同年龄组变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的疗效。方法收集2021年6月至2022年8月常州市中医医院耳鼻喉科门诊收治的过敏性鼻炎病例,分析60例5~10岁年龄组(儿童组)和62例20~45岁年龄组(成年组)患者的资料(均已坚持2年疗程)。入选病例均为对尘螨过敏的AR患者,以往进行过相应药物对症治疗,现进行标准化粉尘螨滴剂SLIT,观察两组患者使用SLIT 6个月、1年、2年后的疗效,具体采用鼻炎视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、鼻部症状总评分(TNSS)、药物总评分(TMS)进行评估。结果进行粉尘螨滴剂SLIT 6个月后儿童组患者各项指标均有改善,TNSS、TMS、VAS评分均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而成人组6个月后TNSS、TMS较治疗前未见明显差异(P>0.05),而VAS评分较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。1年后两组上述指标与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2年后两组患者的上述指标均较治疗前下降,且均较治疗1年后下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论尘螨过敏的儿童组患者进行脱敏治疗从6个月起就有一定效果,成年组患者起效时间略晚于儿童组,2年后两组患者症状均较治疗前有明显改善,治疗2年的患者疗效优于治疗1年。Objective To investigate the efficacy of specific sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT)using dust mite drops in patients with allergic rhinitis across various age groups.Methods Cases of allergic rhinitis admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2021 to August 2022 were collected,and the data of 60 patients in the age group of 5-10 years old(children’s group)and 62 patients in the age group of 20-45 years old(adults’group)were analyzed(all of them had adhered to the treatment course for 2 years).All the enrolled cases were AR patients with allergy to dust mites,who were previously treated symptomatically with appropriate medications,and were now treated with standardized dust mite SLIT,and the efficacy of SLIT was observed in both the groups after 6 months,1 year,and 2 years of using SLIT,which was assessed by using the visual analogue scale(VAS)score of rhinitis,total nasal symptom score(TNSS),and total rhinitis medication score(TMS).Results After 6 months of performing standardized dust mite drops SLIT,patients in the pediatric group showed improvement in all indicators,and TNSS,TMS,and VAS scores were all lower than before treatment,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).While in the adult group after 6 months TNSS,TMS did not show significant difference compared to pre-treatment(P>0.05),while VAS scores decreased compared to pre-treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference between the above indexes of the two groups compared to pre-treatment after 1 year was statistically significant(P<0.05).The above indexes of the patients of the two groups decreased compared to pre-treatment after 2 years,and both of them decreased compared to the treatment of 1 year,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Desensitization treatment for the pediatric group with dust mite allergy is effective starting from 6 months after treatment,while in the adult group,efficacy

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 舌下特异性免疫治疗 尘螨 鼻部症状总评分 鼻炎药物总评分 视觉模拟量表 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]