青海省儿童支气管哮喘病情控制情况的影响因素分析  

Analysis of relevant factors affecting the control of bronchial asthma in children in Qinghai province

作　　者：董玥阳 赵海燕[1] 任屹东 焦雨 周玲[1] DONG Yueyang;ZHAO Haiyan;REN Yidong;JIAO Yu;ZHOU Ling(Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学附属医院儿科,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《安徽医药》2025年第4期705-709,共5页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：青海省卫生健康系统指导性计划课题项目(2021-wjzdx-45)。

摘　　要：目的评估青海省5~14岁儿童支气管哮喘控制情况,并分析影响病情的相关因素,为疾病预防及病情的控制提供理论依据。方法选取2021年10月至2023年6月青海大学附属医院90例患有支气管哮喘的5~14岁儿童,以问卷形式收集病儿及其主要看护人一般信息,采用儿童哮喘控制测试(C-ACT)评估哮喘控制水平,分为完全控制组与未完全控制组,采用单、多因素分析对哮喘影响病情控制情况的因素进行分析。结果调查共90例儿童,问卷完成率为100%,完全控制组61例(67.78%),未完全控制组29例(32.22%);经单因素分析显示,过敏史、用药依从性、近1个月反复呼吸道感染史和浮尘或沙尘天气,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用多因素logistic回归分析显示,过敏史[OR=3.06,95%CI:(1.06,8.82),P<0.05]、用药依从性[OR=4.11,95%CI:(1.42,11.90),P<0.05]、近1月反复呼吸道感染史[OR=3.51,95%CI:(1.21,10.16),P<0.05]、浮尘或沙尘天气[OR=3.18,95%CI:(1.04,9.75),P<0.05]是影响哮喘控制的危险因素。结论青海省儿童支气管哮喘病情控制不佳,过敏史、用药依从性、反复呼吸道感染史和浮尘或沙尘天气等是病情控制不佳的不良因素,应对以上因素进行针对性的预防,从而更有效地控制病情。Objective To assess the control of bronchial asthma in children aged 5 to 14 years in Qinghai province,and to analyze the relevant factors affecting the condition,which will help to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of the disease and the control of the condition.Methods Ninety cases of children aged 5-14 years with bronchial asthma were selected from October 2021 to June 2023 from the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University.The general information of the children and their primary caregivers was collected by questionnaire,and the level of asthma control was evaluated by the Children's Asthma Control Test(C-ACT),which was divided into the fully controlled group and the incompletely controlled group.Factors influencing the control of asthma were analyzed by single-and multi-factor analysis.Single and multifactorial analyses were used to analyze the factors affecting the control of asthma.Results A total of 90 children were investigated,and the completion rate of the questionnaire was 100%,with 61 cases(67.78%)in the complete control group and 29 cases(32.22%)in the incomplete control group.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the history of allergy,medication compliance,history of recurrent respiratory infections in the past month,and dusty or sandy weather(P<0.05).Analysis using multifactorial logistic regression showed that history of allergy[OR=3.06,95%CI:(1.06,8.82),P<0.05],medication adherence[OR=4.11,95%CI:(1.42,11.90),P<0.05],history of recurrent respiratory infections in the last 1 month[OR=3.51,95%CI:(1.21,10.16),P<0.05],and floating dust or sandy weather[OR=3.18,95%CI:(1.04,9.74),P<0.05]were risk factors affecting asthma control.Conclusions Children's bronchial asthma in Qinghai province is poorly controlled.History of allergy,medication compliance,history of recurrent respiratory infections,and floating dust or sandy weather are the adverse factors for the poor control of the condition,and the above factors should be targeted to prevent the c

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 病情控制 影响因素 青海省 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]