Research and development of time resolution and time reference adjustment for CMS improved resistive plate chambers(iRPCs)  

作　　者：J.Song J.Zhao Q.Hou W.Diao P.Cao H.Kou W.Gong N.Wang Z.-A.Liu A.Samalan M.Tytgat G.A.Alves F.Marujo E.A.Coelho E.M.Da Costa H.Nogima A.Santoro S.Fonseca De Souza D.De Jesus Damiao M.Thiel K.Mota Amarilo M.Barroso Ferreira Filho A.Aleksandrov R.Hadjiiska P.Iaydjiev M.Shopova G.Soultanov A.Dimitrov L.Litov B.Pavlov P.Petkov A.Petrov E.Shumka S.J.Qian C.Avila D.Barbosa A.Cabrera A.Florez J.Fraga J.Reyes Y.Assran M.A.Mahmoud I.Crotty R.Aly I.Laktineh G.Grenier M.Gouzevitch L.Mirabito L.Balleyguier C.Combaret W.Tromeur G.Galbit A.Luciol X.Chen I.Bagaturia I.Lomidze Z.Tsamlaidze O.Kemularia V.Amoozegar B.Boghrati M.Ebraimi M.Mohammad Najafabadi E.Zareian M.Abbrescia G.Iaselli G.Pugliese F.Loddo N.De Filippis D.Ramos L.Benussi S.Bianco D.Piccolo S.Meola S.Buontempo F.Carnevali L.Lista P.Paolucci A.Braghieri P.Salvini P.Montagna C.Riccardi P.Vitulo E.Asilar J.Choi T.J.Kim S.Y.Choi B.Hong K.S.Lee J.Goh Y.Lee C.Uribe Estrada I.Pedraza H.Castilla-Valdez A.Sanchez-Hernandez R.L.Fernandez M.Ramirez-Garcia E.Vazquez M.A.Shah N.Zaganidis A.Radi H.Hoorani S.Muhammad A.Ahmad I.Asghar J.Eysermans F.Torres Da Silva De Araujo the CMS Muon Group 

机构地区：[1]Department of Physics and Astronomy,Ghent University,Proeftuinstraat 86,9000,Ghent,Belgium [2]Physics Department,Vrije Universiteit Brussel,Pleinlaan 2,1050,Brussels,Belgium [3]Centro Brasileiro Pesquisas Fisicas,R.Dr.Xavier Sigaud,150-Urca,Rio de Janeiro,RJ,22290-180,Brazil [4]Dep.de Fisica Nuclear e Altas Energias,Instituto de Fisica,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Rua Sao Francisco Xavier,524,Rio de Janeiro,RJ,20559-900,Brazil [5]Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy,Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,Tzarigradsko Shaussee Boulevard 72,1784,Sofia,Bulgaria [6]Faculty of Physics,University of Sofia,5 James Bourchier Boulevard,1164,Sofia,Bulgaria [7]School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing,100871,China [8]State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China [9]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.19(A)Yuquan Road,Shijingshan District,Beijing,100049,China [10]Universidad de Los Andes,Carrera 1,No.18A-12,Bogotá,Colombia [11]The British University in Egypt(BUE),Elsherouk City,Suez Desert Road,P.O.Box 43,Cairo,11837,Egypt [12]Suez University,Elsalam City,Suez-Cairo Road,Suez,43522,Egypt [13]Egyptian Network for High Energy Physics,Academy of Scientific Research and Technology,101 Kasr El-Einy St.,Cairo,Egypt [14]Center for High Energy Physics(CHEP-FU),Faculty of Science,Fayoum University,El-Fayoum,63514,Egypt [15]Physics Department,Faculty of Science,Helwan University,Ain Helwan,Cairo,11795,Egypt [16]Department of Physics,Faculty of Science,Ain Shams University,Cairo,Egypt [17]CNRS/IN2P3,IP2I Lyon,UMR 5822,Univ Lyon,Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1,69622,Villeurbanne,France [18]Georgian Technical University,77 Kostava Str.,0175,Tbilisi,Georgia [19]School of Particles and Accelerators,Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences(IPM),P.O.Box 19395-5531,Tehran,Iran [20]School of Engineering,Damghan University,Damghan,3671641167,Iran [21]INFN,Sezione di Bari,Via Orabona 4,70126,Bari,Italy [22]Laboratori Naz

出　　处：《Radiation Detection Technology and Methods》2024年第4期1604-1613,共10页辐射探测技术与方法(英文)

基　　金：supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1602101);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12035018);We would also like to acknowledge the enduring support for the CMS Phase-2 upgrade and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies:FWO(Belgium);CNPq(Brazil),CAPES(Brazil);FAPERJ(Brazil);MES(Bulgaria);BNSF(Bulgaria);CERN;CAS(China);MoST(China);MINCIENCIAS(Colombia);CEA(France);CNRS/IN2P3(France);SRNSFG(Georgia)[YS-21-1798];DAE(India);DST(India);IPM(Iran);INFN(Italy);MSIP(Republic of Korea);NRF(Republic of Korea);BUAP(Mexico);CINVESTAV(Mexico);CONACYT(Mexico);LNS(Mexico);SEP(Mexico);UASLP-FAI(Mexico);PAEC(Pakistan);DOE(USA);NSF(USA).

摘　　要：Purpose Improved resistive plate chambers(iRPCs)will be installed in the challenging forward region of the compact muon solenoid(CMS)during its Phase-2 upgrade.The design target of iRPC time resolution is 1.5 ns.It will help the Level-1 trigger system distinguish the muons from high backgrounds and improve the trigger efficiency.Studying the time resolution after integrating the new backend electronics boards(BEB)is essential for ensuring timely performance.In this system,a time reference(Tref)signal is distributed by the BEB to several frontend electronics boards(FEB)to reset the time-to-digital converters(TDC).In the CMS experiment,the arrangement of the iRPC chambers and on-chamber FEBs is at different positions,resulting in varying Tref arrival times on the FEB side.This paper describes the measures taken to ensure the time resolution of the single path and adjust the time base for multi-paths.Method Unique designs were implemented in the chamber,FEB,and BEB to ensure a satisfactory time resolution.Tref adjustments for different paths were performed in bunch crossing steps(24.950 ns)in the BEB using shift registers.And the sub-bunch crossing adjustment steps were performed in the FEB using the TDC correction module.Finally,the arrival time differences of Tref on different FEBs were less than 1.25 ns after adjustment.Results The time resolution of the FEB–BEB system was observed to be 32 ps.The time resolution of the chamber FEB–BEB system was first measured and is 554 ps at an iRPC working point of 7200 V.In addition,the Tref arrival time differences of different paths were adjusted from−99.923(−90.113)ns to 0.073(−0.141)ns.Conclusion The test results revealed that the system time resolution and Tref adjustment performed by the BEB met the Phase-2 upgrade goals.

关 键 词：CMS iRPC Backend electronics Time resolution Time reference Adjustment 

分 类 号：O57[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]