天空辐射制冷相变墙体实验研究  

Experimental Study on Radiative Sky Cooling Phase-change Wall

作　　者：郝赫钰 李春莹 王昭俊[1,2] 陈维杰 HAO Heyu;LI Chunying;WANG Zhaojun;CHEN Weijie

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑与设计学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [2]寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院,广东深圳518000 [4]深圳市医养建筑重点实验室(筹建),广东深圳518000

出　　处：《煤气与热力》2025年第3期24-28,共5页Gas & Heat

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515010709);深圳市科技计划(JCYJ20210324093209025,ZDSYS20210623101534001)。

摘　　要：搭建了5个尺寸相同的缩尺房间,实验房间A、B、C、D、E南墙分别为保温双层铝板墙、辐射制冷墙、外相变辐射制冷墙、内相变辐射制冷墙、内外双层相变辐射制冷墙。白天大部分时间段内,实验房间B、C、D、E的室内温度低于实验房间A,实验房间D、E室内温度低于其他房间。实验房间B、C、D、E南墙平均外表面温度低于房间A,实验房间D、E南墙内表面温度增长趋势相较于房间B有明显的衰减和延迟现象。以实验房间E为例分析了相变材料在墙体热工性能中的作用。当南墙外表面温度超过22℃后外侧相变材料开始熔化吸热,直到外侧相变材料完全熔化后,内侧相变材料熔化吸热,延迟室内温度升高。夜间由于室外温度降低和辐射制冷作用,相变材料结晶。内外双层相变辐射制冷墙可有效降低建筑物墙体内、外表面温度和室内温度,在实现空调节能、减轻热岛效应方面具有应用前景。Five scaled-down experimental rooms with the same size were built.The south walls of rooms A,B,C,D and E are respectively insulated double-layer aluminum sheet wall,radiant cooling wall,external phase-change radiant cooling wall,internal phase-change radiant cooling wall,and internal and external double-layer phase-change radiant cooling wall.During most of the day,the indoor temperatures in rooms B,C,D and E are lower than that in room A,and the indoor temperatures in rooms D and E are lower than that in other rooms.The average outer surface temperatures of the south walls in experimental rooms B,C,D and E are lower than that in room A.The increasing trend of the inner surface temperatures of the south walls in experimental rooms D and E show significant attenuation and delay compared to room B.Taking experimental room E as an example,the role of phase-change materials in the thermal performance of the wall is analyzed.When the temperature on the outer surface of the south wall exceeds 22℃,the outer phase-change material begins to melt and absorb heat until the outer phase-change material is completely melted,and then the inner phase-change material melts and absorbs heat,delaying the increase in indoor temperature.At night,due to the decrease in outdoor temperature and radiant cooling,phase-change materials crystallize.The internal and external double-layer phase-change radiant cooling wall can effectively reduce the inner and outer surface temperature and the indoor temperature of building walls,and has application prospects in achieving air conditioning energy-saving and reducing the heat island effect.

关 键 词：天空辐射制冷 相变蓄冷 热岛效应 

分 类 号：TU831.2[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]