油气管道光纤安全监测的数据采集和处理方法  

Data Acquisition and Processing Methods for Optical Fiber Safety Monitoring of Oil and Gas Pipelines

作　　者：夏宇 田晓龙 卢存海 蔡毅 游东东[3] XIA Yu;TIAN Xiaolong;LU Cunhai;CAI Yi;YOU Dongdong

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]昆仑能源有限公司工程物资管理部,北京100101 [3]华南理工大学国家金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心,广东广州510641 [4]广东力创信息技术有限公司,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《煤气与热力》2025年第3期I0008-I0015,共8页Gas & Heat

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515011004)。

摘　　要：利用完全自适应噪声集合经验模态分解和改进小波阈值的联合去噪方法(CEEMDAN-WTS方法)对分布式光纤传感器油气管道安全监测数据进行去噪。对比CEEMDAN-WTS方法、小波半软阈值方法、完全自适应噪声集合经验模态分解和小波阈值的联合去噪方法(CEEMDAN-WT方法)的去噪效果。从时域信号图可以看出,CEEMDAN-WTS方法能有效保留原始信号峰值部分,同时更好地去除噪声,更能凸显曲线的主要趋势。CEEMDAN-WTS方法敲击工况信噪比增益相较于小波半软阈值方法和CEEMDAN-WT方法分别提升42.6%和17.4%,泄漏工况信噪比增益相较于小波半软阈值方法和CEEMDAN-WT方法分别提升94.6%和47.3%,表明去噪后的数据信号和噪声比大幅度提高,有效消除油气管道光纤信号中的环境噪声。CEEMDAN-WTS方法敲击工况均方根误差相较于小波半软阈值方法和CEEMDAN-WT方法分别降低30.9%和14.6%,泄漏工况均方根误差相较于小波半软阈值方法和CEEMDAN-WT方法分别降低20.4%和5.9%,这表明CEEMDAN-WTS方法去噪后的信号与原始信号之间的误差更小。结合信噪比增益的特点可以得出,CEEMDAN-WTS方法在有效降低信号噪声的同时最大程度保留原始信号特征,更好地避免因去噪造成的信号失真。The joint de-noising method using complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise and improved wavelet thresholding(CEEMDAN-WTS method)is used to de-noise the safety monitoring data of distributed optical fiber sensors for oil and gas pipelines.The de-noising effects of CEEMDAN-WTS method,wavelet semi-soft thresholding method and CEEMDAN-WT method were compared.From the time-domain signal graph,it can be seen that the CEEMDAN-WTS method can effectively preserve the peak part of the original signal,while better removing noise and highlighting the main trend of the curve.The CEEMDAN-WTS method improves the signal-to-noise ratio gain of tapping conditions by 42.6%and 17.4%respectively compared to wavelet semi-soft thresholding method and CEEMDAN-WT method,and improves the signal-to-noise ratio gain of leakage conditions by 94.6%and 47.3%respectively compared to wavelet semi-soft thresholding method and CEEMDAN-WT method,indicating that the de-noised data signal and noise ratio are significantly improved,effectively eliminating environmental noise in optical fiber signals of oil and gas pipelines.The CEEMDAN-WTS method reduces the root mean square error of tapping conditions by 30.9%and 14.6%respectively compared to the wavelet semi-soft thresholding method and CEEMDAN-WT method,and reduces the root mean square error of leakage conditions by 20.4%and 5.9%respectively compared to the wavelet semi-soft thresholding method and CEEMDAN-WT method.This indicates that the error between the signal de-noised by the CEEMDAN-WTS method and the original signal is smaller.Combined with the characteristics of signal-to-noise ratio gain,it can be concluded that CEEMDAN-WTS method can effectively reduce signal noise while preserving the original signal characteristics to the greatest extent,and better avoiding the signal distortion caused by de-noising.

关 键 词：油气管道安全 分布式光纤传感器 改进小波阈值去噪 CEEMDAN-WTS方法 

分 类 号：TU996.8[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]