增温对冬小麦生长过程及干物质分配的影响  

Effect of warming on growth process and dry matter distribution of winter wheat

作　　者：南佳岚 王冬冬 王博 郝子琼 全礼 郭伟[2,3] 罗志平 张靖铷 闫晶晶 NAN Jialan;WANG Dongdong;WANG Bo;HAO Ziqiong;QUAN Li;GUO Wei;LUO Zhiping;ZHANG Jingru;YAN Jingjing(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Xi’an Mineral Resources Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Xi’an 710100,China;Observation and Research Station for Coupling of Soil and Water Elements and Conservation of Biological Resources in Qinling-Loess Plateau Transition Zone,Tongguan 714300,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupled Process and Effect,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100055,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国地质调查局西安矿产资源调查中心,陕西西安710100 [3]秦岭-黄土高原过渡带水土要素耦合与生物资源保育观测研究站,陕西潼关714300 [4]自然资源部自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京100055

出　　处：《干旱气象》2025年第1期133-142,共10页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20220882)资助。

摘　　要：在气候变化背景下,探究关中台塬区冬小麦生长发育过程中主要农艺性状及干物质分配对增温的响应特征,对评估冬小麦的敏感性及适应性具有重要意义。本文以冬小麦品种郑麦1860号为研究对象,通过开顶式气室(Open Top Chamber,OTC)模拟增温环境,分析增温对冬小麦生长发育过程的影响。结果表明,在小麦生育期内,气室内外温度存在显著差异(p<0.05),OTC内部平均温度较外部高0.8℃;增温条件下,小麦各物候期平均提前6 d,且株高明显增加。返青—抽穗阶段,OTC对小麦叶面积有促进作用,而扬花—乳熟阶段,则对叶面积有抑制作用。增温促进根系生长,使单株根系长度增加37.48%,细根表面积增加35.28%,但对根系生物量有抑制作用,OTC处理组较对照组减少7.60%;增温对茎、叶和穗的干物质量均有促进作用,但乳熟期叶干物质量例外。OTC增温对冬小麦营养生长期的功能性状具有明显促进作用,但对生殖生长期的功能性状影响不显著,甚至表现出一定的抑制作用。In the context of climate change,it is of great significance to explore how winter wheat responds to temperature increase in terms of main agronomic traits and dry matter distribution during its growth stage in the tablelands of Guanzhong,Shaanxi,which can provide references for assessing its sensitivity and adaptability under climate change.In this paper,Zhengmai No.1860 was selected as the research object to analyze the influence of the warming effect simulated by Open Top Chamber(OTC)on the growth and develop⁃ment of winter wheat.The results show that there were significant differences in temperature inside and outside OTC during growth stage(p<0.05)of winter wheat.The average temperature in OTC was 0.8℃higher than that of the outside.In OTC,all the phenological stages of winter wheat came in advance of those in the control group,with an average of 6 days earlier.The plant height inside OTC was higher than that of the outside.OTC promoted leaf area of wheat at the stage of greening and heading,while inhibited leaf area at the stage of flowering and milk ripening.The warming effect promoted root growth,increasing root length by 37.48%and surface area of fine roots by 35.28%,but inhibited root biomass,decreasing it by 7.60%.The warming effect of OTC can promote the dry matter weight of stem,leaf and ear,except the dry matter weight of leaf at milk-ripening stage.In conclusion,OTC can significantly promote the func⁃tional traits of winter wheat at the vegetative growth stage,but at the reproductive growth stage,it can not promote the functional traits and even show a certain inhibitory effect.

关 键 词：开顶式气室 增温 冬小麦 生态参数 干物质分配 对比分析 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]