冲击与调适:农村地区何以解决养老难题--基于浙江省景宁县的田野考察  

Impact and Adaptation:How Rural Areas Can Get out of the Problem of Old-age Care:Based on the Fieldwork in Jingning County,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：张迪 ZHANG Di(School of Social Sciences and Nationalities,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Fangshan Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学社会与民族学院,北京房山102488

出　　处：《重庆文理学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期16-28,共13页Journal of Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国社会科学院国情调研重大项目“民族地区防止因疫致贫返贫与特殊困难群众兜底保障调研”(GQZD2021004)。

摘　　要：以浙江省景宁县作为微观缩影,探讨民族地区农村养老体系在社会转型背景下所面临的冲击及其相应的自我调适策略。研究发现,社会转型期间,农村产业经济结构的调整、家庭结构的改变、经济理性的蔓延以及社会力量发展的不足,均对传统农村养老模式造成了冲击。对此,构建以新型农村社会养老保险为前提,以家庭养老为基础,以居家或社区养老服务照料为补充,以多元力量参与为支撑的智慧化养老照护体系,能够有效缓解传统养老模式式微。短期内应持续巩固家庭养老的基础性地位,并辅以居家养老服务;长期则需持续完善新型农村社会养老保险制度,鼓励机构养老,借助“互联网+”构建农村智慧化社会养老服务体系,切实解决农村养老难题。Taking Jingning County in Zhejiang Province as a microcosm,the impact of rural pension system in ethnic areas and its self-adjustment were discussed under the background of social transformation.The study found that the adjustment of rural industrial economic structure,family structure change,economic rational spread and insufficient development of social forces in social transformation all had an impact on the traditional rural pension model.In this regard,the construction of an intelligent old-age care system based on the premise of new rural social old-age insurance,based on family old-age care,supplemented by home-based or community old-age service care,and participated by multiple forces can effectively eliminate the decline of traditional old-age care.In the short term,it is necessary to continue to adhere to the basic status of family care,supplemented by home-based elderly care services;in the long run,it is necessary to continue to improve the new rural social old-age insurance system,encourage institutional old-age care,and build a rural intelligent social pension service system with the help of“Internet plus”,so as to effectively solve the problem of rural pension.

关 键 词：社会转型 农村地区 养老模式 家庭养老 经济理性 文化传承 多元主体 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]