水淹时长对鄱阳湖碟形湖湿地植被生物量分配格局的影响  

The Effect of Flooding Duration on the Vegetation Biomass Allocation Pattern in Shallow Lakes of Poyang Lake

作　　者：赵玉枭 文艺瑶 王芳 崔鑫涛 兰志春 蔡永久[4] 张艳杰 鲁顺保 ZHAO Yuxiao;WEN Yiyao;WANG Fang;CUI Xintao;LAN Zhichun;CAI Yongjiu;ZHANG Yanjie;LU Shunbao(College of Life Sciences,Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330022,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention,Nanchang Jiangxi 330029,China;College of Life Sciences,Nanchang University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330031,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学生命科学学院/鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330022 [2]江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室,江西南昌330029 [3]南昌大学生命科学学院,江西南昌330031 [4]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《江西师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期572-579,共8页Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260297,32071572);江西省自然科学基金(20224ACB205003);江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室开放基金(2021SKTR05);江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室开放基金(PK2021002)资助项目.

摘　　要：水淹时长是影响湿地植物的主要因素之一,长期的季节性水淹对植物的分布格局和结构功能的影响一直是湿地生态学长期关注的热点问题.该文以在鄱阳湖中不同管理方式的碟形湖作为研究对象,研究水淹时长对碟形湖湿地土壤养分和植被生物量的影响及机制.研究结果表明:1)秋季植物地上生物量随水淹时长显著降低,其原因是植物生长期变短;2)春季地上生物量对水淹天数呈现先增后减的变化趋势,并且春季地上生物量与土壤氮、磷含量呈显著正相关关系,这表明土壤氮磷含量是春季地上生物量变化的重要原因;3)植物根系生物量随水淹天数的增加而逐渐增加,但与土壤氮磷含量和土壤含水量均无显著相关性;4)水淹天数增加显著地降低了南荻的盖度,由于南荻具有较高的根茎生物量,因此水淹显著降低了群落根茎生物量.路径分析表明各影响因素之间的直接和间接效应最终通过级联效应来影响植被生物量.Flooding duration is one of the main factors affecting wetland plants.With the proposed Poyang Lake water conservancy project,the long-term seasonal flooding has become a research focus on the distribution pattern and structural function of plants.Here the influence and mechanism of flooding duration on soil properties and vegetation biomass are studied under different management patterns in shallow lakes of Poyang Lake.The results show that in autumn,the aboveground vegetation biomass decreases significantly with the number of days of flooding,mainly because the growing period of plants becomes shorter.In spring,the aboveground biomass increases first and then decreases in response to the number of flooding days,and there is a significant positive correlation between aboveground biomass and soil nitrogen and phosphorus content,indicating that soil nitrogen and phosphorus content is an important reason for the change of aboveground biomass in spring.Plant root biomass gradually increases with the days of flooding,but has no significant correlation with soil nitrogen and phosphorus content and soil water content.The increase of the number of days under flooding significantly reduces the coverage of S.dipteris,and since S.dipteris has a higher rhizomatic biomass,the rhizomatic biomass of the community is significantly reduced by floo-ding.The structural equation model showes that the direct and indirect effects among the influencing factors ultimately affect plant biomass by cascade effects.

关 键 词：水淹时长 土壤养分 地上生物量 根系生物量 群落组成 

分 类 号：S332.4[农业科学—作物遗传育种]