液压式标准测力仪的设计与实现  

Design and Implementation of Hydraulic Standard Force Dynamometer

作　　者：王雪杨 王子征 白嘉诺 王一鸣 WANG Xueyang;WANG Zizheng;BAI Jianuo;WANG Yiming(Henan Institute of Metrology,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省计量测试科学研究院,河南郑州450000 [2]陕西科技大学,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《河南科技》2025年第4期42-45,共4页Henan Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省软科学研究计划项目(242400410128);河南省科技攻关计划项目(232102220001)。

摘　　要：【目的】标准测力仪是力值由基准机或标准机传递到工作计量器具的重要仪器。在大力值计量领域,传统的应变式测力仪器受材料和自身原理所限,其自身体积和重量随着量程的增加迅速增加,实际计量工作中对大力值测力仪的小型化和便携化存在迫切需求。针对此需求,基于帕斯卡原理设计了一种液压式标准测力仪。【方法】液压式标准测力仪的主体结构为带有柱塞的液压缸,缸体上设置有油路接口连接液压传感器。在工作时,外部载荷通过柱塞传导至液压缸内部,从而将力值载荷转换为液压缸内部液体压强,并通过液压传感器进行测量,基于力值与压强的对应关系实现对大力值的准确测量。【结果】结果显示,所设计的液压式标准测力仪的力值—压强响应曲线具有较好的线性关系,经标定后液压式标准测力仪的最大测量范围可达5000 kN,相对误差优于0.3%,示值重复性不超过0.15%,符合国家检定规程对于0.3级标准测力仪的相应要求。【结论】设计并制造了一种液压式标准测力仪,并通过试验验证了液压测力方案在大力值测量领域的可行性,该装置的放大比由柱塞有效面积决定,在超大力值测量领域具有良好的应用前景。[Purposes]Standard force dynamometers are important instruments for transmitting force val⁃ues from force standard machine to working measuring instrument.In the field of large force measure⁃ment,traditional force dynamometers based on strain gauges are limited by materials and their own prin⁃ciples,and their volume and weight rapidly increase with the increase of measurement range.There is an urgent need for miniaturization and portability of large force dynamometers in practical measurement work.To solve this problem,this article designs the hydraulic standard force dynamometer based on Pas⁃cal′s principle.[Methods]The main body of the hydraulic standard force dynamometer is a hydraulic cyl⁃inder with a plunger,and an oil interface is set on the cylinder body to connect the hydraulic sensor.In working condition,the external load is transmitted to the inside of the hydraulic cylinder through the plunger,thereby converting the force value into the liquid pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder,and measuring it through hydraulic sensors.Based on the correspondence between force value and pressure,accurate measurement of the force value is achieved.[Findings]The experimental results show that the force-pressure response curve of the designed hydraulic standard force dynamometer has good linearity.After calibration,the maximum measurement range of the hydraulic standard force dynamometer can reach 5000 kN,the relative error is better than 0.3%,and the relative error is less than 0.3%,which meets the requirements of the 0.3 level standard force dynamometer.[Conclusions]In this paper,the hy⁃draulic standard force dynamometer was designed and manufactured,which verified the feasibility of the hydraulic force measurement scheme in the field of large force measurement experimentally.The amplifi⁃cation ratio of the device is determined by the effective area of the plunger,and it has good application prospects in the field of ultra-large force measurement.

关 键 词：液压式标准测力仪 大力值计量 测力传感器 

分 类 号：TH715[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]