基于半波机械整流器的双减速带馈能装置发电性能研究  

Study on generation performance of a dual-speed bump energy harvester based on half-wave mechanical rectifier

作　　者：李竞 周贺 LI Jing;ZHOU He(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学机械工程学院,扬州225127

出　　处：《机械强度》2025年第3期23-31,共9页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005433);江苏省高等学校自然科学基金项目(20KJB460001);扬州市校合作专项基金项目(YZU202102);扬州国际合作基金项目(YZ2022202)。

摘　　要：为了消除含全波机械整流器减速带馈能装置的发电量和系统可靠性受到复位弹簧刚度的约束,提出了一种基于半波机械整流器的双减速带馈能装置(Dual-speed Bump Energy Harvester,DBEH)。该装置利用机械传动模块将两条减速带在车轮驱动下的向下线性运动转换成单个发电机轴的单向旋转运动,将机械能转换成电能。单向的运动转换降低了对复位弹簧载荷的要求。建立了车轮激励以及减速带动力学理论模型并通过了道路试验的验证。基于理论模型的数值仿真研究了双馈能减速带的发电性能。研究结果表明,系统的均方根(Root Mean Square,RMS)功率与输出电能随着外部激励幅值的增加,以及弹簧刚度的减小而增加;当负载电阻阻值为7~9Ω时,系统的输出性能最优;与减小小齿轮半径相比,增大齿轮箱的增速比对系统输出的提升影响更明显;小惯量的飞轮更能有效提高系统对机械能的捕获与机械能到电能的转化率。In order to eliminate the restriction of the return spring stiffness on the power generation and system reliability of the energy harvesting speed bump with the full wave mechanical rectifier,a dual-speed bump energy harvester(DBEH)based on the half-wave mechanical rectifier was proposed.The device utilized a mechanical transmission module to convert the downward linear movement of two speed bumps,driven by wheels,into the one-way rotary movement of a single generator shaft,thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.The unidirectional motion conversion reduced the demand for the load of the return spring.The theoretical model of the wheel excitation and speed bump dynamics was established and verified by road tests.Based on the theoretical model,the power generation performance of DBEH was studied by numerical simulation.The research results indicate that the root mean square(RMS)power and output electrical energy of the system increase with the increase of external excitation amplitude and the decrease of the spring stiffness.When the load resistance value is 7-9Ω,the output performance of the system is optimal.Compared to reducing the gear radius,increasing the speed of the gearbox has a more significant impact on the improvement of system output.A small inertia flywheel can effectively improve the system’s capture of the mechanical energy and the conversion rate from the mechanical energy to the electrical energy.

关 键 词：半波机械整流器 单向离合器 馈能减速带 道路能量收集 发电性能 

分 类 号：U491.5[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]