订单农业能否提升家庭农场经营绩效——来自全国1968个种植业家庭农场的经验证据  

Can Contract Farming lmprove the Operation Performance of Family Farms:Empirical Evidence from 1968 Planting Family Farms in China

作　　者：王玲 石宝峰[1] 陆迁[1] WANG Ling;SHI Baofeng;LU Qian(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学学报》2025年第2期148-160,共13页Journal of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘风险-等级-利率’匹配视角下家庭农场信用评级与贷款定价研究”(72173096);中央农办、农业农村部乡村振兴专家咨询委员会软科学项目“新型经营主体信用评价体系研究”(202122)。

摘　　要：本文基于全国农村固定观察点1968个家庭农场的调查数据,采用内生转换回归模型,在反事实框架下分析了参与订单农业对家庭农场经营绩效的影响。研究结果表明,参与订单农业能够显著提高家庭农场经营绩效,具体表现为未参与订单农业的家庭农场若选择参与,其经营绩效将提高,该结论在一系列稳健性检验之后依然成立。机制分析表明,家庭农场通过参与订单农业获得产前、产中、产后服务及全流程贷款服务,实现了成本控制、效率提升和风险管理,进而提升其经营绩效。异质性分析发现,低禀赋、农场主高管理水平的家庭农场以及位于粮食主产区的家庭农场从订单农业中受益较大;在“家庭农场+合作社+龙头企业”的契约模式下,家庭农场的经营绩效提升更显著。本文为探索家庭农场提质增效路径,推动其高质量发展提供了实践参考。Based on the 1968 survey data from fixed observation points in rural areas across the country,this paper adopts the endogenous switching regression model and analyzes the effect of contract farming on the operation performance of family farms based on the counterfactual framework.The results show that contract farming can significantly improve the operation performance of family farmers.If family farms that do not participate in contract farming were to join,their operational performance would improve.The conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests.The mechanism analysis indicates that by participating in contract farming,family farms obtain pre-production,in-production,and post-production services,along with full-process loan services.This enables them to achieve cost control,efficiency improvement,and risk management,thereby enhancing their operation performance.The heterogeneity analysis finds that family farms with low endowments and high management levels of farm owners,and those located in major grain-producing areas,benefit more from contract farming.Additionally,the"family farm+cooperative+leading enterprise"contract model shows a particularly significant improvement in the operation performance of family farms.The research conclusion of this paper provides a practical reference for exploring the path of improving the quality and efficiency of family farms and promoting their high-quality development.

关 键 词：订单农业 家庭农场 经营绩效 内生转换回归模型 

分 类 号：F324.1[经济管理—产业经济]