紫云英-稻秸协同还田高效阻控水稻镉吸收的机理  

Mechanism of efficient inhibition of rice Cd absorption through Chinese milk vetch-rice straw synergistic return to the field

作　　者：杨梦杰 王慧 程文龙 卜容燕 韩上 唐杉[2] 李敏[2] 朱睿 范洪黎[3] 武际[2] 朱林[1] YANG Meng-jie;WANG Hui;CHENG Wen-long;BU Rong-yan;HAN Shang;TANG Shan;LI Min;ZHU Rui;FAN Hong-li;WU Ji;ZHU Lin(School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Arable Land Conservation,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/安徽省养分循环与耕地保育重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2025年第2期330-342,共13页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700200);安徽省重点研发计划项目(2023n06020024)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究镉(Cd)污染稻区紫云英、稻秸还田对水稻根表铁膜的形成以及土壤中不同形态Cd含量的影响,以明确其阻控水稻Cd吸附的机制,为Cd污染稻区阻控水稻Cd吸收提供理论依据。【方法】田间试验在安徽省沿江单季稻区进行,共设置5个处理:冬闲+水稻季100%氮肥对照(100N);水稻季80%氮肥+紫云英翻压量22500 kg/hm^(2)(80N+M1);水稻季80%氮肥+紫云英翻压量37500 kg/hm^(2)(80N+M2);水稻季100%氮肥+紫云英翻压量22500 kg/hm^(2)+稻秸全量还田(100N+M1+S);水稻季80%氮肥+紫云英翻压量22500 kg/hm^(2)+稻秸全量还田(80N+M1+S)。在水稻分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期、成熟期,采集水稻根系土壤样品,测定不同形态Cd含量,研究土壤Cd的有效性;采集水稻根部样品,提取根表铁膜,分析铁膜中的Fe(DCB-Fe)和Cd(DCB-Cd)含量;成熟期采样分析籽粒中Cd含量。【结果】与100N对照相比,各处理分蘖期和拔节期土壤有效态Cd含量分别显著降低了12.37%~16.96%和9.59%~20.30%;孕穗期80N+M1和80N+M1+S处理的土壤有效Cd含量分别降低了18.64%和20.79%,成熟期分别降低了9.55%和10.46%。与100N对照相比,紫云英各处理土壤中弱酸提取态Cd的占比降低了6.25%~11.48%;80N+M2处理残渣态Cd占比提高了93.77%。所有处理中DCB-Cd和DCB-Fe含量随水稻生育期的延长变化趋势一致。80N+M1处理和80N+M1+S处理的分蘖期DCB-Fe含量比100N对照分别提高了167.78%和128.45%,成熟期分别提高了67.42%和97.19%,分蘖期DCB-Cd含量分别提高了92.79%和50.47%,成熟期分别提高了17.75%和25.44%。80N+M1处理和80N+M1+S处理成熟期根部Cd含量分别显著降低了11.21%和12.93%,80N+M1+S处理籽粒Cd含量最低,比100N对照降低了17.17%。相关分析表明,在各个时期水稻根表铁膜DCB-Cd含量与DCB-Fe含量呈显著正相关;成熟期根部Cd含量与孕穗期DCB-Cd含量呈正相关,与分蘖期和成熟期DCB-Cd、DCB-Fe含量呈负相关。路径分析表明,紫云英和稻�【Objectives】We studied the formation of iron-plaque on root surface of rice,and the contents of soil Cd fractions in a Cd-contaminated paddy field,in order to clarify the mechanism of Chinese milk vetch(MV)and rice straw synergistic returning to field in controlling Cd uptake of rice.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted in the single-cropping rice area along the Yangtsi River in Anhui Province.The five treatments in rice season included mere nitrogen fertilizer application at conventional rate(100N);reducing 20%of nitrogen fertilizer rate combined with MV 22500 kg/hm^(2)(80N+M1);80N combined with MV 37500 kg/hm^(2)(80N+M2);100N combined with MV 22500 kg/hm^(2) and rice straw(100N+M1+S);80N combined with MV 22500 kg/hm^(2) and rice straw(80N+M1+S).Soil samples around the root zone of rice were collected at the tillering,jointing,booting and maturing stages to determine the contents of different Cd fractions.Rice root samples were taken at the same stages and the iron-plaque on the root surface was extracted to analyze the contents of Fe(DCB-Fe)and Cd(DCB-Cd)in the iron plaque.At the maturing stage,the contents of Cd in grains were analyzed.【Results】Compared with 100N treatment,the other treatments decreased soil available Cd content at tillering and jointing stages by 12.37%−16.96%and 9.59%−20.30%(P<0.05),respectively;80N+M1 and 80N+M1+S treatments decreased the available Cd content at booting stage by 18.64%and 20.79%,and the available Cd content at maturing stage by 9.55%and 10.46%,respectively.Compared with 100N treatment,the proportion of acid-Cd in the other four treatment soils were declined by 6.25%−11.48%;the proportion of residual-Cd in 80N+M2 treatment was increased by 93.77%.The DCB-Cd and DCB-Fe contents showed consistent with the extension of rice growth period.Compared with 100N treatment,DCB-Fe content in 80N+M1 and 80N+M1+S treatments were increased by 167.78%and 128.45%at tillering stage,and 67.42%and 97.19%at maturing stage,respectively(P<0.05),and the DCB-Cd contents were

关 键 词：氮肥减施 紫云英翻压 稻秸还田 根表铁膜 根表铁膜铁 根表铁膜镉 镉有效性 水稻镉吸收量 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]