高千粒重小麦种质资源筛选及其骨干亲本分析  

Screening of Wheat Germplasm Resources with High Thousand-Grain Weight and Analysis of Their Backbone Parents

作　　者：甄士聪 赵永涛 张中州 袁谦 望俊森 ZHEN Shicong;ZHAO Yongtao;ZHANG Zhongzhou;YUAN Qian;WANG Junsen(Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe,Henan 462300,China)

机构地区：[1]漯河市农业科学院,河南漯河462300

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第2期1-4,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省现代农业产业技术体系漯河小麦综合试验站项目(Z2010-01-06)。

摘　　要：种质资源对小麦生产和育种具有重要指导意义。筛选高千粒重小麦种质资源并对其骨干亲本进行分析,以期为育种者选育高千粒重小麦品种提供理论依据。统计125份小麦品种2019—2022年的千粒重,对千粒重大小进行系统聚类分析,结果分为四类,其中第三类(42~53.33 g)和第四类(55.33~58.33 g)共计50份千粒重较高,最为稳定。对这50份高千粒重小麦品种进行骨干亲本分析。前5位骨干亲本为郑麦366,周麦16,矮抗58,周麦18、济麦22和954072并列、济91102。因此为选育出籽粒性状优良丰产的小麦品种,将筛选出高千粒重小麦种质与骨干亲本互配。Germplasm resources play a critical role in guiding wheat production and breeding.This study aims to screen wheat germplasm resources with high thousand-grain weight(TGW)and analyze their backbone parents,providing a theoretical foundation for breeding wheat varieties with superior TGW.The TGW of 125 varieties from 2019 to 2022 was statistically analyzed and systematically clustered.The results classified the varieties into four categories.Among these,the third category(42~53.33g)and the fourth category(55.33~58.33g)comprised 50 varieties with higher TGW,demonstrating superior stability.Further analysis of the backbone parents of these 50 varieties identified the top five as‘Zhengmai 366’,‘Zhoumai 16’,‘Aikang 58’,‘Zhoumai 18’,and‘Jimai 22’,which ranked equally with‘954072’and‘Ji91102’.These findings suggest that the integration of high-TGW wheat germplasm and their backbone parents could facilitate the development of high-yield wheat varieties with exceptional grain characteristics.

关 键 词：小麦 高千粒重 资源筛选 骨干亲本 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]