添食有效氯防僵粉对家蚕综合经济性状的影响研究  

Effects of Adding Effective Chlorine Anti-stiff Powder on Comprehensive Economic Traits of Silkworm

作　　者：张智勇 粟思源 刘俊凤[1,2] 肖文福[1,2] 胡春梅[1,2] 蒋亚明 张锦川 刘彬斌[1,2] ZHANG Zhiyong;SU Siyuan;LIU Junfeng;XIAO Wenfu;HU Chunmei;JIANG Yaming;ZHANG Jinchuan;LIU Binbin(Sericultural Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China;Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充637000 [2]四川省农业科学院特种经济动植物研究所,四川南充637000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第2期82-88,共7页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川蚕桑创新团队“特种蚕品种资源与遗传育种研究岗位”(sccxtd-2025-17);国家蚕桑产业技术体系(CARS-18);四川省“十四五”农作物及家畜育种攻关项目“突破性蚕桑麻育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFY20024);四川省农业科学院“1+9”揭榜挂帅科技攻关项目(1+9KJGG004)。

摘　　要：为探索在养蚕过程中添食防僵粉对家蚕品种性状、健康性、茧丝质量等综合经济性状的影响。2022—2023年蚕期,以夏秋用品种“造A×兰B”为试验材料,根据防僵粉有效氯浓度、混匀情况和桑叶叶面含水情况设置14个处理区,研究不同处理对家蚕综合经济性状的影响,以熟石灰处理区为对照。调查家蚕龄期经过,异常病态蚕头数、普茧数、半病态蚕数、结茧头数、产茧量、全茧量、茧层量等指标。结果表明,使用未混匀防僵粉配合干桑叶的试验区会出现家蚕黑色病斑、焦脚、吐水等中毒症状;使用有效氯浓度在1.00%~4.00%防僵粉配合水桑叶的试验区家蚕均有黑色病斑、焦脚、吐水等中毒症状;而使用有效氯浓度在1.00%~4.00%防僵粉配合干桑叶的试验区家蚕发育正常。使用纯漂白粉配合干/湿桑叶处理区的家蚕全部中毒死亡;用熟石灰配合干/湿桑叶对照区的家蚕无异常现象发生,蚕体均正常。This study explores the effects of adding anti-stiff powder during the silkworm rearing on the comprehensive economic traits of silkworm varieties,their health,and cocoon silk quality.During the silkworm rearing period from 2022 to 2023,using the summer and autumn variety Zao A×Lan B as experimental materials,14 treatment zones were set up based on the effective chlorine concentration of anti-stiff powder,mixing conditions,and moisture content of mulberry leaves.The effects of different treatments on silkworm economic traits were studied,using the hydrated lime treatment zone as the control.The results showed that unmixed anti-stiff powder combined with dry mulberry leaves caused toxic symptoms,including black spots,scorched feet,and vomiting,which negatively impacted silkworm feeding performance.The experimental area using anti-stiff powder with an effective chlorine concentration of 1.00%~4.00% combined with wet mulberry leaves also exhibited toxic symptoms,significantly affecting silkworms.In contrast,silkworms reared with dry mulberry leaves under similar conditions showed normal development and feeding.All silkworms exposed to pure bleaching powder combined with dry or wet mulberry leaves were poisoned and died.Hydrated lime combined with dry or wet mulberry leaves in the control area showed no abnormalities,and silkworms developed normally.

关 键 词：家蚕 防僵粉 有效氯 异常现象 干/水桑叶 

分 类 号：S88-9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]