“形流适配”:形态与功能耦合的多中心体系理论和方法  

"Form-Flow Adaptation":The Theory and Methodology of Morphology-Function Coupling in Polycentric Systems

作　　者：李欣[1,2] 叶果 张尚武 陈君南[1] LI Xin;YE Guo;ZHANG Shangwu;CHEN Junnan

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]自然资源部国土空间智能规划技术重点实验室 [3]青岛同道规划设计院有限公司 [4]自然资源部国土空间智能规划技术与重点实验室 [5]上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《规划师》2025年第2期46-53,共8页Planners

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52078352);“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3800800)。

摘　　要：从“形流耦合”视角构建城市多中心体系的理论框架,强调形态与功能的动态关联及其依赖性和反馈机制。在方法上,优化传统耦合评价模型,结合城市发展的非线性与异质性特征提出四阶段演化模型,揭示多中心体系从“形流失配”到“形流适配”的动态过程。以青岛市为例开展实证研究,发现青岛市整体处于“形流互馈”的阶段,核心区实现了“形流适配”,而新兴区存在“形流失配”问题,这种失配影响了城市空间的通勤效率;采用机器学习进行影响因素的非线性分析,进一步识别出公共服务设施总量与布局、就业规模及交通条件因素是影响多中心“形流耦合”的关键变量。在此基础上,从形流关系视角提出优化职住空间布局、完善公共服务设施配置、构建一体化交通网络的多中心体系策略,为城市空间治理提供理论支持和实践参考。From the perspective of"form-flow coupling",a theoretical framework for urban polycentric systems is constructed,emphasizing the dynamic inter-dependencies,feedback mechanisms,and relationships between form and function.Methodologically,traditional coupling evaluation models are refined in consideration of urban development's nonlinearity and heterogeneity.It introduces a"four-stage evolution model"to reveal the dynamic process of transitioning from"form-flow mismatch"to"form-flow adaptation".An empirical study on Qingdao demonstrates that the city is overall in the"form-flow feedback"stage,with the core area achieving"form-flow adaptation",while new urban districts face"form-flow mismatch"challenges.This mismatch significantly affects commuting efficiency.Through machine learning-based XGBoost and SHAP value analyses,key influencing variables are identified,including the total amount and spatial distribution of public service facilities,employment scale,and transportation conditions.Based on these findings,the optimization strategies from the perspective of form-flow relationships are proposed,including improving the spatial layout of jobs and housing,enhancing the configuration of public service facilities,and establishing an integrated transportation network.These strategies provide theoretical and practical support for optimizing urban spatial governance.

关 键 词：多中心体系 “形流耦合”理论 耦合协调评价 影响因素 优化策略 青岛市 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] F292[经济管理—国民经济] C912.8[社会学]