涡轮泵用双波纹管型静压式隔离密封性能分析及结构优化  

Performance Analysis and Structural Optimization of Double Bellows-type Hydrostatic Isolation Seals for Turbine Pump

作　　者：刘伟 刘志远 李双喜[1] 宋子锋 马亚宾 LIU Wei;LIU Zhiyuan;LI Shuangxi;SONG Zifeng;MA Yabin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Seiser Energy Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029 [2]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084 [3]赛哲尔能源科技(北京)有限公司,北京100102

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第3期97-108,共12页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB2000800)。

摘　　要：航天发动机用涡轮泵隔离密封处于高速、低温、高振动等严苛工况下运行,密封组件有着长寿命、高稳定性运转的需求,对其结构设计和工作性能提出了较大的挑战。提出一种高性能非接触式的静压式隔离密封,建立流固热耦合分析模型,研究入口压力、节流孔数量、稳压槽宽度等工作和密封结构参数对其性能的影响。结果表明:密封载荷系数一定时,节流孔个数增加对开启力的增益效果逐渐降低,开启力和耗气量均对稳压槽宽度变化不敏感。用正交分析法对密封结构进行优化,通过试验验证了仿真模型的准确性与结构优化后密封工作的稳定性。研究结果表明:静压式隔离密封性能影响最大的因素为载荷系数,静压式隔离密封载荷系数应小于临界载荷系数(0.57);试验过程中密封运转状态稳定,达到了预期的隔离密封效果。提出了该类密封的设计及分析方法,为同类密封结构设计及性能优化提供了理论基础和指导。The isolation seals of turbopumps for aerospace engine are operated under severe working conditions,such as high speed,low temperature and high vibration,and the seal components have the requirements of long service life and high stability operation,which poses a big challenge to their structural design and working performance.A high-performance non-contact hydrostatic isolation seal was proposed,and a fluid-solid-thermal coupling analysis model was established to solve the influence of seal structure and working parameters such as the number of throttling orifices and the inlet pressure,etc.The results show that when the seal load coefficient is fixed,the increase of the number of orifices gradually reduces the gain effect of the opening force,and the opening force and gas consumption are not sensitive to the change of the stabilizing groove width.The seal structure was optimized by orthogonal analysis,and the accuracy of the simulation model and the stability of the seal after optimization were verified through experiment.The results show that the most influential factor for the performance of hydrostatic isolation seal is the load coefficient,and the hydrostatic isolation seal load coefficient should be less than the critical load coefficient(0.57).During the test,the seal operating state of the isolation seal is stable and achieves the expected isolation sealing effect.The design and analysis method of this kind of seals was proposed,which provides the theoretical basis and guidance for the structural design and performance optimisation of the same kind of seal.

关 键 词：静压式隔离密封 结构优化 密封特性 双波纹管 气膜监测 

分 类 号：TH136[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]