航空活塞式发动机润滑油全尺寸台架试验研究  

Full-scale Bench Test Study of Aviation Piston Engine Lubricants

作　　者：张磊 赵勇 李静[3] 王将兵 常虎山 刘翔 邓志彬 ZHANG Lei;ZHAO Yong;LI Jing;WANG Jiangbing;CHANG Hushan;LIU Xiang;DENG Zhibin(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan Sichuan 618307,China;Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Guanghan Sichuan 618307,China;PetroChina Lanzhou Lubricating Oil R&D Institute,Lanzhou Gansu 730060,China;Aircraft Repair&Overhaul Plant of Civil Aviation University of China,Guanghan Sichuan 618307,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全工程学院,四川广汉618307 [2]民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室,四川广汉618307 [3]中国石油兰州润滑油研究开发中心,甘肃兰州730060 [4]中国民用航空飞行学院飞机修理厂,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第3期144-153,共10页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：中国民用航空飞行学院科研基金项目(2020-109,J2021-109);民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室基金项目(MZ2022KF01,MZ2023JB03)。

摘　　要：发动机全尺寸台架试验是航空润滑油适航验证的关键环节。通过调研国内外民航局、航空工业组织以及发动机和润滑油生产商提供的资料进行全尺寸活塞发动机润滑油台架方案设计,包括试验前准备、150 h耐久试验及试验后评价等内容。按照制定的方案,对自研油品成功实施了全尺寸发动机润滑油台架试验,并通过试验前后油品黏度、酸值、元素含量以及发动机部件磨损等的分析,对自研油品性能进行了评价。通过试验前准备发现,发动机气密性良好、油耗表现正常,因此发动机装配符合试验要求;耐久试验结果表明,润滑油黏度、酸值衰变较小,曲轴、凸轮轴、连杆等关键部位磨损情况不严重,活塞积炭和油底壳油泥较少。因此,自研润滑油的氧化安定性、抗磨减摩性、抗剪切性等性能优异。Full-scale engine rig testing is a key component of aviation lubricant airworthiness verification.Based on research conducted on data provided by domestic and international civil aviation authorities,aviation industry organizations,engine manufacturers,and lubricant producers,a comprehensive design scheme for the full-scale bench of aviation piston engine lubricant was developed.This design includes pre-test preparations,a 150-hour endurance test,and post-test evaluations.Following the established plan,a full-scale engine lubricant bench test was successfully conducted on the self-developed lubricant.The performance of the self-developed lubricant was evaluated by analyzing the viscosity,acid value,element content,and engine component wear before and after the test.Pre-test preparations reveals good engine airtightness and normal fuel consumption,confirming that the engine assembly meets the test requirements.The endurance test results indicate minimal degradation in lubricant viscosity and acid value,and the key components such as the crankshaft,camshaft,and connecting rod show no significant signs of wear.There is minimal piston carbon deposits and sludge in the oil sump.Therefore,the self-developed lubricant demonstrates excellent performance in terms of oxidative stability,anti-wear and friction reducing properties,and shear resistance.

关 键 词：航空活塞式发动机 润滑油 台架试验 适航验证 性能评价 

分 类 号：TE626.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] V317.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]