不良贷款处置中如何行使“将有的”应收工程款质权  

How to Exercise the Pledge Right of“Future”Accounts Receivable in the Disposal of Non-Performing Loans

作　　者：袁毓 Yuan Yu(Chongqing Yinghuan Law Firm,Chongqing 400010)

机构地区：[1]重庆瀛寰律师事务所,重庆400010

出　　处：《西部学刊》2025年第6期101-104,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：应收账款质权作为一种担保方式,便于企业融资并增加债务人偿债信用。在实践中,其面临真实性问题和基础交易债务人的抗辩权等问题。民法典确立应收账款可以作为质押物,但其设立以登记为必要形式要件,未能充分考虑具体性质和质权人的实际控制,存在法律漏洞。以建设工程的应收工程款质权为例,其有效质权应订立书面质押合同并完成注册和加强基础法律关系审查。在质权行使过程中,可能面临基础交易债务人提出的抗辩权、合同撤销或解除等阻碍。质权的行使可区分为非诉讼与诉讼两种方式。As a guarantee method,the pledge of accounts receivable facilitates corporate financing and enhances the creditworthiness of debtors in repaying their debts.In practice,it faces issues such as authenticity and the right of defense of the underlying transaction debtor.The“Civil Code”establishes that accounts receivable can be used as collateral,but the establishment of the pledge is subject to registration as a necessary formal requirement.This approach fails to fully consider the specific nature of the accounts receivable and the actual control of the pledgee,resulting in legal loopholes.Taking the pledge of accounts receivable for construction projects as an example,this paper argues that an effective pledge should be established through a written pledge contract,completed registration,and strengthened review of the underlying legal relationship.In the process of exercising the pledge right,it may face obstacles such as the right of defense raised by the debtor in the underlying transaction,contract revocation or termination,and so on.The exercise of pledge rights can be divided into two methods:non-litigation and litigation.

关 键 词：应收账款质押 建筑工程应收工程款 贷前管理 执行效率 

分 类 号：D922.28[政治法律—经济法学] F832.4[政治法律—法学]