宁波市流行性腮腺炎突破病例分析  

Breakthrough cases of mumps in Ningbo City

作　　者：田海艳 李保军 陈奕[2] TIAN Haiyan;LI Baojun;CHEN Yi(Haishu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China;Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市海曙区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315000 [2]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《预防医学》2025年第3期292-295,共4页China Preventive Medicine Journal

基　　金：宁波市医疗卫生高端团队重大攻坚项目(2023020713);长三角免疫规划领军人才科研项目(CSJP024);浙江省疾病预防控制科技计划项目(2025JK075)。

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2023年浙江省宁波市流行性腮腺炎(流腮)突破病例特征,为完善流腮防控措施提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统和浙江省免疫规划信息系统分别收集2018—2023年宁波市流腮病例资料和含腮腺炎成分疫苗(MuCV)接种资料,描述性分析流腮突破病例的人群分布特征和MuCV免疫史,分析末次免疫年龄和免疫间隔对流腮发病年龄的影响。结果2018—2023年宁波市报告流腮病例6643例,年均发病率为11.72/10万。流腮突破病例5142例,占77.40%;其中男性3173例,占61.71%;女性1969例,占38.29%。发病年龄M(QR)为6.00(4.00)岁。幼托儿童2487例,占48.37%;学生2232例,占43.41%。1剂突破病例4736例,占92.10%;2剂突破病例406例,占7.90%。2剂突破病例占流腮病例的比例从2018年的1.00%上升至2023年的25.32%。2018年12月后出生人群中,2剂突破病例发病年龄M(QR)为3.00(1.00)岁,大于1剂突破病例的1.00(2.00)岁(P<0.05)。末次免疫年龄、免疫间隔不同的流腮突破病例发病年龄差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论2018—2023年宁波市突破病例主要为男性、幼托儿童和学生,2剂突破病例占流腮病例的比例上升、发病年龄推迟。Objective To investigate the characteristics of the breakthrough cases of mumps in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2023,so as to provide insights into improving prevention and control measures for mumps.Methods Data of mumps cases and mumps containing vaccine(MuCV)vaccination in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2023 were collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and Zhejiang Immunization Planning Information System.The population distribution characteristics and MuCV immunization history of mumps breakthrough cases were described.The impacts of the final immunization age and immunization interval on the age of onset were analyzed.Results A total of 6643 mumps cases were reported in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2023,with an average incidence rate of 11.72/105.There were 5142 breakthrough cases(77.40%),including 3173 males(61.71%)and 1969 females(38.29%).The median age of onset was 6.00(interquartile range,4.00)years.There were 2487 cases in preschool children(48.37%)and 2232 cases in students(43.41%).There were 4736 one-dose breakthrough cases(92.10%)and 406 two-dose breakthrough cases(7.90%).The proportion of two-dose breakthrough cases among all mumps cases increased from 1.00%in 2018 to 25.32% in 2023.Among individuals born after December 2018,the median age of onset of two-dose breakthrough cases was 3.00(interquartile range,1.00)years,which was older than that of one-dose breakthrough cases at 1.00(interquartile range,2.00)year(P<0.05).The ages of onset of mumps breakthrough cases differed significantly with varying final immunization ages and immunization intervals(both P<0.05).Conclusions The breakthrough cases of mumps in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2023 were mainly males,preschool children and students.The proportion of two-dose breakthrough cases increased,and the age of onset delayed.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 突破病例 含腮腺炎成分疫苗 

分 类 号：R512.1[医药卫生—内科学]