明代练湖治理的政治博弈  

The Political Game in the Lianhu Lake Conservancy during the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：罗晓翔 Luo Xiaoxiang

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院

出　　处：《历史研究》2024年第11期96-116,M0005,M0006,共23页Historical Research

摘　　要：练湖为镇江丹阳境内人工湖,因紧邻运河而被视为济运水柜。但现实中练湖济运作用有限,主要功能在于农田灌溉。练湖济运说之所以长期存在,是社会实践与政治博弈的结果。各级官员将练湖济运说作为应对漕政压力的有效工具,士宦阶层对济运说则由对抗逐渐转向妥协,反对占垦的湖民成为该说最大受益者。以维护转漕大政为名,各利益主体展现出其政治立场、利益诉求与行动策略,共同维护练湖济运说的合法性。明代练湖治理中的政治博弈,超越了央地二元或乡绅支配论解释模式,反映出国家与地方关系的复杂性。The Lianhu Lake, located in Danyang, Zhenjiang, was an artificial lake considered as a water reservoir to facilitate transportation due to its proximity to the Grand Canal. However, the lake's role in transportation was limited, and its primary function was agricultural irrigation. The long-standing belief in Lianhu Lake's benefits for transportation stemmed from a combination of social practice and political game. Officials at various levels utilized this belief as an eff ective tool to manage the pressure of water transport policies, while the scholar-official class' s attitude gradually shifted from resistance to compromise regarding it. Ultimately, the lakeside residents who opposed encroachment became the biggest beneficiaries of this belief. Various stakeholders revealed their political stances, interests, and strategies in the name of safeguarding water transport, therefore jointly defending the reasonability of the belief of Lianhu Lake's benefits for transportation. The political game behind the Lianhu Lake conservancy during the Ming Dynasty cannot be simply explained by the central-local dichotomy or the dominance of the gentry. Instead, it reflected the complex relationship between the state and local society.

关 键 词：明代 漕运 水柜 央地关系 基层治理 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]