企业商业秘密保护中的职务发明权属问题研究——最高人民法院2013-2023年案例实证考察  

Study on the Ownership of Service Invention in the Protection of Enterprise Trade Secrets-Empirical examination of Supreme Court cases 2013-2023

作　　者：王玮 WANG Wei(Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳工学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《河南科技》2025年第3期112-117,共6页Henan Science and Technology

基　　金：2022年河南省教育科学规划一般课题“产教融合背景下高校知识产权专业人才协同培养模式研究”(2022YB0294);2023年安阳市软科学研究计划项目“安阳高校科技成果转化实证研究”(2023C02GH037)。

摘　　要：【目的】在职员工或离职员工将某技术通过申请专利的方式占为己有的情况表明企业商业秘密管理存在疏漏,为此本研究深入分析企业商业秘密保护中的职务发明权属问题。【方法】通过对我国职务发明认定标准的立法规定和司法实践进行实证考察,以探寻我国职务发明权属的模式和社会实效。【结果】我国法律有关职务发明认定的职责标准和资源标准在整体上呈现出立法的“厚雇主主义”,近10年的案例实证考察表明企业职务发明的胜诉率高达71.4%,而被学者诟病的“主要利用本单位物质技术条件”情形并不常见。【结论】最高人民法院在职务发明认定上形成了相对统一的裁判标准,而且社会实效表明,我国实务已经摸索出具有自己特色的“折中主义”职务发明权属模式,并稳步发展。[Purposes]A situation where a current or former employee appropriates a technology for himself or herself by filing a patent application shows the negligence of an enterprise's trade secret management.Therefore,this paper thoroughly researches the ownership of service inventions in the protection of enterprise trade secrets.[Methods]Through an empirical examination of the legislative provisions and judicial practice of standard of the determination of China's service invention,this paper aims to explore the model and social effectiveness of the ownership of service inventions in China.[Findings]The standard of duties and resources in China's laws on the determination of service invention shows the"pro-employers doctrine"of the legislation as a whole.Judicial examination of cases in recent years shows that the success rate of enterprises'employee invention is as high as 71.4%.It is not common for scholars to criticize the situation as"mainly using the material and technical conditions of the organization".[Conclusions]The Supreme Court has developed a relatively uniform standard of decision on the determination of service invention,and social effectiveness has shown that,our practice has worked out its own characteristics"eclecticism"model of ownership of the service invention,and develops steadily.

关 键 词：商业秘密 职务发明 立法规定 司法实践 社会实效 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济] D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]