4个茶桑品种叶片的抗虫防御特征  

Insect-resistant Defense Characteristics of Leaves from Four Tea Mulberry Cultivars

作　　者：赖馨雨 王一霞 王雅蔓 文小梅 黄盖群[2] 严贤春[1] 董廷发[1,3,4,5] LAI Xin-yu;WANG Yi-xia;WANG Ya-man;WEN Xiao-mei;HUANG Gai-qun;YAN Xian-chun;DONG Ting-fa(College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China;Sericulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China;School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China;Institute of Biodiversity,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充637009 [3]云南大学生态与环境学院,昆明650500 [4]云南大学生物多样性研究院,昆明650500 [5]云南大学西南跨境生态安全教育部重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期134-140,共7页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32171750);“十四五”四川省农作物及畜禽育种攻关项目(21ZDYF2183)。

摘　　要：茶桑是现代桑树产业的重要部分,探究茶桑的抗虫性对产业的发展至关重要。以四川南充国家级茶桑种植基地的4个主栽品种(桂优6号、特优2号、粤桑51、浙杂1号)为研究对象,调查了其叶片虫害表现,并分析了叶片形态、含水率、碳氮含量、单宁含量、总酚含量、类黄酮含量、总生物碱含量等性状,探究不同品种茶桑叶片抗虫性的差异。研究发现:(1)4个茶桑品种叶片平均虫食率达83.96%,主要害虫为桑毛虫(Porthesia xanthocampa)、金龟子(Serica orientalis)和桑木虱(Anomoneura mori)等,桂优6号的虫食率最低且平均虫食叶面积最小;(2)不同茶桑品种间叶片含水率、碳含量、氮含量、碳氮比、类黄酮含量、总生物碱含量均存在显著差异,而比叶重、总酚含量、单宁含量无显著差异;(3)主成分分析结果显示,不同品种茶桑对其叶片自身营养投资和防御投资不同。茶桑叶片遭受虫害情况严重,但不同品种茶桑对虫害防御表现不同,这主要与叶片适口性、营养及以氮为基础的次生代谢物有关,4个主栽茶桑品种中桂优6号具有更好的抗虫性。As an important part of the modern mulberry industry,it is very crucial to explore the insect resistance of tea mulberry for the development of the industry.Taking the four main tea mulberry varieties(Guiyou 6,Teyou 2,Yuesang 51 and Zheza 1)from the national tea mulberry planting base in Nanchong,Sichuan province as the research objects,this study investigated the leaf-eating pest performance.And the leaf morphology,water content,carbon-nitrogen content,tannin,total phenol,flavonoid and total alkaloid were also analyzed.Therefore,the differences in insect resistance concerning different varieties of tea mulberry leaves were explored.The results show that:(1)The average leaf feeding rate of the four tea mulberry varieties reaches 83.96%,the main pests being Porthesia xanthocampa,Serica orientails and Anomoneura mori.The insect feeding rate of Guiyou 6 is the lowest and its average leaf feeding area is the least.(2)There are significant differences among different tea mulberry varieties in leaf water content,carbon,nitrogen,flavonoid and total alkaloid,as well as carbon-nitrogen ratio,while there are no stark discrepancies in specific leaf weight,total phenol and tannin contents.(3)According to the results of principal component analysis,different varieties of tea mulberry have different investment in their own nutrition and defense.The leaves of tea mulberry are seriously affected by insect pests,but different varieties of tea mulberry have different insect pest defenses,which are mainly related to their own leaf palatability,nutrition and nitrogen-based secondary metabolites.Among the four main varieties of tea mulberry,Guiyou 6 has the best insect resistance.

关 键 词：茶桑 叶片性状 适口性 次生代谢物 抗虫防御 

分 类 号：Q948.12[生物学—植物学]