恢复性视角下城市小微绿地声环境研究  

Acoustic environment of small urban green spaces based on the perspective of restorativeness

作　　者：舒珊 唐嘉忻 耿雪川 朴勋 SHU Shan;TANG Jiaxin;GENG Xuechuan;PIAO Xun(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学建筑与城乡规划学院,青岛266033

出　　处：《应用声学》2025年第2期385-395,共11页Journal of Applied Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52308067);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2021QE256)。

摘　　要：小微绿地是高密度城市人居环境的重要组成部分,其声环境品质是影响居民身心健康的关键因素。该文从恢复性视角出发,以青岛市中心区4类小微绿地(社区类、商业类、休闲类和交通类)为研究对象,通过实地测量与问卷调查,对其声环境品质进行分析研究。结果表明:除了休闲类绿地以外,城市小微绿地声环境普遍以交通声为主导声源,噪声水平超过55dBA,因此应加强交通噪声控制;休闲类小微绿地声环境恢复性评价最高,其次是社区类和商业类,交通类绿地暂未表现出恢复性潜力,因此可针对不同类型绿地针对性地制定声环境优化策略;此外,小微绿地的“迷人性”特质较差,建议营造“迷人”声景以提高整体恢复性;最后,小微绿地声环境恢复性不仅与声源、噪声水平以及感知趣味性等声学因素相关,还会受到年龄、噪声敏感度、访问目的和停留时间等个体因素的影响。相关结论可以为城市小微绿地声环境的优化提升提供参考。Small urban green spaces play an important role in human settlements,and their acoustic quality is vital to the environmental experience.In this study,four types of small urban green spaces(residence,business,scenic,transport)in the central city of Qingdao were selected as objects,and their acoustic quality was explored via field measurements and questionnaire surveys.The results showed that small urban green spaces were generally dominated by traffic sound,with a noise level of more than 55 dBA,except the scenic green spaces.Therefore,more attention should be focused on controlling traffic sound.The soundscapes in scenic green spaces showed the highest restorativeness,followed by those in residential and business areas,while the transport ones showed no restorative potential for now.Therefore,acoustic optimization strategies should be formulated for different green spaces.In addition,the restorative quality of‘fascination’in small green spaces was the worst,which should be created to improve the overall restorativeness.Finally,the restorativeness was not only strongly correlated with sound sources,noise levels,and acoustic interestingness,but also significantly affected by personal factors such as age,sound sensitivity,visiting purpose and length of stay.The research results were expected to provide guidance for the optimization of the acoustic environment in small urban green spaces.

关 键 词：小微绿地 声环境 恢复性 感知评价 噪声 

分 类 号：TU984.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]