农业伦理视域下工业饲料“质”“量”安全问题研究  

Research on the“Quality”and“Quantity”Safety of Industrial Feed from the Perspective of Agricultural Ethics

作　　者：赵安 Zhao An(College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院

出　　处：《科学.经济.社会》2024年第6期42-53,共12页Science Economy Society

摘　　要：我国粮食安全的关键在于饲料粮安全。作为一个多年饲料工业总产量雄踞全球第一的国家,当前工业饲料数量、质量的安全存在哪些问题?从数量上讲,玉米、大豆等饲料粮的对外依存度过高,在低豆粕、低蛋白、多元化日粮等方面做了很多科技攻关,短期内依然无法实质性扭转;从质量上讲,在治违禁、控药残、促提升方面也持续用力,但饲料的质量、卫生、兽药及非法添加物等方面的监管依然面临严峻挑战。农业伦理以生态、种植、养殖、食物等四个生产层以及时、地、度、法等四个维度所组成的宏观视角,跳出就饲料数量说数量、质量说质量的线性技术路线与思维方式,从整体性、系统性视角探索微观问题可能的解决方案。分别按照“饲料质量—养殖方式—动物福利”与“粮食数量—种植结构—种植伦理”这两条线来开展分析,列举了全面禁抗、单体氨基酸的两个科技案例,最终都汇聚到畜牧业无抗化、福利化、高质量、可持续发展的道路上来。建议推动农业伦理在饲料生产等农业专业当中的应用,加强饲料饲草安全、动物福利等领域的科学立法与执法。The key to China's food security lies in the safety of feed grains,and the total output of the feed industry has been ranked first in the world for many years.What are the problems with the safety of the quantity and quality of industrial feed?In terms of quantity,the external dependence of feed grains such as corn and soybeans is too high,and many technological breakthroughs have been made in areas such as low soybean meal,low protein,and diversified diets,which cannot be substantially reversed in the short term;In terms of quality,efforts continue to be made in combating illegal activities,controlling drug residues,and promoting improvement.However,the supervision of feed quality,hygiene,veterinary drugs,and illegal additives still faces severe challenges.Agricultural ethics is a macro perspective composed of four production levels:ecology,planting,breeding,and food,as well as four dimensions:timeliness,location,degree,and method.It breaks away from the linear technical route and thinking mode of discussing quantity and quality based on feed quantity,and explores possible solutions to micro problems from a holistic and systematic perspective.The analysis was conducted based on the two lines of“grain quantity-planting structure-planting ethics”and“feed quality-breeding methods-animal welfare”.Two scientific and technological cases of comprehensive antibiotic prohibition and single amino acids were listed,ultimately converging on the path of anti antibiotic,welfare,high-quality,and sustainable development in animal husbandry.Suggest promoting the application of agricultural ethics in agricultural specialties such as feed production,and strengthening scientific legislation and law enforcement in areas such as feed safety and animal welfare.

关 键 词：农业伦理 工业饲料 全面禁抗 豆粕减量 粮食安全 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]