以ChatGPT为代表的生成式AI伦理规制探微  

Ethical Regulation of Generative AI Represented by ChatGPT

作　　者：高良 Gao Liang(Institute of Military Political Work Studies,Academy of Military Science,Beijing 100073,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院军队政治工作研究院

出　　处：《科学.经济.社会》2024年第6期66-81,共16页Science Economy Society

摘　　要：以ChatGPT为代表的生成式AI较之于传统AI在保密、安全、社会和技术异化等方面正面临更严重、更广泛的现实问题,其背后所潜藏的是“统治”与“被统治”“获利”与“失利”“幸福”与“善”“效率”与“公平”等伴随技术进步的经典伦理困境,以及由于此类技术特性所导致的“深化的地位矛盾或主体性矛盾”“广泛的权利矛盾或社会性矛盾”“不确定的少数人与多数人的矛盾”“新兴的占有技术的人与不占有技术的人的矛盾”等特殊伦理困境。为此,应坚持“以人为本”的根本原则,以“人文关怀”为基本出发点,以“可靠可控”为实践准则,以“技术公平”为指导思想,坚定不移维护人的主体性地位和基本权益,稳步、有序、安全、公平地推动AI技术发展,尽最大可能将技术进步的“双刃剑效应”降到最低,使人类有尊严、有温度、有保障地充分享受AI技术的发展红利。Compared with traditional AI,generative AI represented by ChatGPT is facing more serious and extensive problems in terms of confidentiality,security,society and technological alienation,etc.The reasons for the problems above,are classical ethical dilemmas inherited from technology progress,such as‘ruling'and‘being ruled',‘earning'and‘losing',‘happiness'and‘good',‘efficiency'and‘fairness',etc.And a series of special ethical dilemmas caused by specific technological characteristics of generative AI,such as‘deepening status contradiction or subjectivity contradiction',‘far-ranging rights contradiction or social contradiction',‘uncertain contradiction of minority and majority',‘emerging contradiction between those who possess technology and those who do not',etc.Therefore,we should adhere to the fundamental principle of‘people-centered',take‘public care'as the basic starting point,‘reliable and controllable AI'as the practice principle,and‘technological fairness'as the guiding ideology.And it is also necessary to firmly safeguard the subjective status and basic rights of human beings,actively guide the steady,orderly,safe and fair development of AI technology and dedicatedly minimize the‘doubleedged sword effect'of technological progress.In order that human beings can fully enjoy the development dividend of AI technology with dignity,happiness and security.

关 键 词：ChatGPT 生成式AI 技术 人类 伦理困境 伦理规制 

分 类 号：B029[哲学宗教—哲学理论]