诗、乐、舞的交响——中国“写意”戏剧的审美意象建构  

The Symphony of Poetry,Music and Dance:The Aesthetic Imagery Construction of Chinese XieYi Drama

作　　者：李新 刘纯成 Ll Xin;LIU Chun-cheng(School of Arts,Shandong University,Weihai,Weihai,Shandong 264209;School of Arts,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东大学(威海)艺术学院,山东威海264209 [2]山东大学艺术学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《艺术百家》2024年第6期112-118,144,共8页Hundred Schools In Arts

摘　　要：20世纪20年代兴起的“国剧运动”,是中国戏剧史上一次意义深远的变革尝试。它伴随着新文化运动批判旧思想、旧观念的思潮而起,致力于将西方戏剧的写实性与中国戏剧的写意性相融合,生成贯通中西、古今同梦的“完美戏剧”。更为重要的是,“国剧运动”的倡导者余上沅先生尝试以“写意”这一术语构建中国戏剧的话语体系,以此彰显中国戏剧的“民族性”。这一术语渗透到中国戏剧的现代化发展脉络中,经由以黄佐临为代表的一批戏剧大师的发展与完善,逐渐成为理解中国戏剧本质属性的关键所在。在此基础上,文章结合中国戏剧的情思、动作、情境、结构、台词等基本要素以及唱、念、做、打四种戏剧表演手段,论证中国戏剧的“写意”性生成于诗、乐、舞一体化的意象创构,进而从生成依据与创构逻辑层面明确中国戏剧的特质,对进一步弘扬中国戏剧的民族精神、彰显民族特色具有重要的理论价值与实践意义。The national drama movement that emerged in the 1920s was a profound attempt at transformation in the history of Chinese theater.Alongside the new cultural movement’s critique of old ideas and concepts,it was dedicated to integrating the realism of Western theater with the XieYi nature of Chinese theater,aiming to create a perfect drama that spans both Chinese and Western,as well as ancient and modern dreams.More importantly,Mr.Yu Shangyuan,an advocate of the national drama movement,attempted to construct a discourse system for Chinese theater using the term“XieYi”highlighting the ethnic character of Chinese theater.This term,after gradually permeating the modern devel⁃opment of Chinese theater,was developed and perfected by Huang Zuolin and gradually became the key to understand⁃ing the essential attributes of Chinese theater.Based on this,the article combines the basic elements of Chinese thea⁃ter,such as emotions,movements,situations,structure,and dialogue,as well as the four basic artistic means of singing,reciting,acting,and fighting,to argue for the construction of the XieYi imagery of Chinese theater,which originates from the integration of“poetry-music-dance”.It further clarifies the characteristics of Chinese theater from the perspective of the generation basis and construction logic of imagery,which is of great theoretical value and practical significance for further promoting the national spirit and ethnic characteristics of Chinese theater.

关 键 词：戏剧 写意 诗、乐、舞 审美意象 

分 类 号：J801[艺术—戏剧戏曲]