我国个人破产庭外和解的实践检视与规则构建  

Practice Review and Rule Construction of Out-of-Court Settlement of Personal Bankruptcy in China

作　　者：纪格非[1] 薛倩倩 JI Gefei;XUE Qianqian(Civil,Commercial and Economic Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第2期87-97,共11页Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“以人民为中心的民事司法程序前沿问题研究”(项目编号:20AZD118)。

摘　　要：于个人破产中的债务人而言,庭外和解是解决债务纠纷的最佳选择。债务人通过该种方式进行债务清理的,既可获得与债权人重新达成偿债方案、暂时减轻偿债压力的机会,也能降低解纷成本、提高解纷效率。目前各地进行有益探索并出台相关规范,为个人破产庭外和解在我国落地生根提供了丰富的素材。面对这一制度目前在我国存在的现实困境,应当以有利于中国式现代化的实现为根本指导原则、体现庭外和解的自身特征与价值追求以及符合债务清理法规则体系化的要求作为解决实践难题和规则构建的基本思路。具言之,个人破产庭外和解应采前置模式,明晰庭外和解中的中立第三方的角色定位以及规范庭外和解协议的成立条件与认可程序。For debtors in personal bankruptcy,out-of-court settlement is the best choice to resolve debt disputes.By clearing debts in this way,debtors can not only obtain the opportunity to re-reach a debt repayment plan with creditors,temporarily reduce the pressure of debt repayment,but also reduce the cost of resolving disputes and improve the efficiency of resolving disputes.At present,beneficial exploration and relevant regulations are carried out in various places,which provides rich materials for personal bankruptcy out-of-court settlement to take root in our country.Facing the current predicament of this system in our country,we should take Chinese-style modernization as the fundamental guiding principle,embody the characteristics and value pursuit of out-of-court settlement,and meet the requirements of systematization of debt clearing laws and regulations as the basic ideas to solve practical problems and construct rules.In other words,individual bankruptcy out-of-court settlement should adopt the pre-mode,clarify the role of the neutral third party in the out-of-court settlement and standardize the establishment conditions and recognition procedures of the out-of-court settlement agreement.

关 键 词：个人破产庭外和解 委托和解 债务清理 和解协议 

分 类 号：D922.291[政治法律—经济法学] D925.1[政治法律—法学]