公共数据资源与企业可持续发展--基于政府数据开放的准自然实验  

Public Data Resources and Corporate Sustainable Development:A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Government Data Openness

作　　者：刘宇[1,2] 梁栋[3] 张硕 LIU Yu;LIANG Dong;ZHANG Shuo(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Carbon Neutrality,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学碳中和研究院,北京100871 [3]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《计量经济学报》2025年第1期109-128,共20页China Journal of Econometrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金(72125010);国家自然科学基金(72243011,71974186);北京大学中央高校基本科研业务费。

摘　　要：本文以政府数据开放为准自然实验,以2009-2022年中国上市公司为研究样本,通过双重差分模型依次探究了政府数据开放对企业经济绩效和环境绩效的影响效应.本文研究表明,政府数据开放对企业经济和环境绩效带来了双重增益,即政府数据开放促进了企业可持续发展,其原因在于,政府数据开放会促进企业技术创新,提高企业运营管理效率.进一步研究发现,政府数据开放在国有企业、营商环境更优和数字基础设施条件更好的地区中对经济绩效的促进作用更大,对环境绩效的提升作用则更易在国有企业、非重污染企业以及环境规制强度更高的地区中得到充分展现本研究揭示了政府数据开放对企业经济绩效和环境绩效的提升作用,为推动经济社会可持续发展以及在“双碳”背景下提升数据开放领域政策制定的科学性提供了重要的经验启示.The open sharing of data resources is key to unlocking the value of data elements.Assessing the impact of government data openness on corporate sustainable development is of significant importance for promoting high-quality economic and social development.This paper uses the openness of government data as a quasi-natural experiment,taking Chinese listed companies from 2009 to 2022 as the research sample,and explores the impact of government data openness on corporate economic performance and environmental performance through the difference-in-differences model.The study demonstrates that government data openness has brought dual benefits to corporate economic and environmental performance,that is,government data openness has promoted corporate sustainable development.The reason is that government data openness can promote corporate technological innovation and improve the effciency of corporate operation and management.Further research finds that the role of government data openness in promoting economic performance is more significant in state-owned enterprises,regions with a better business environment,and areas with better digital infrastructure conditions,while the enhancement of environmental performance is more fully demonstrated in state-owned enterprises,non-heavy polluting enterprises,and regions with higher environmental regulation intensity.This study reveals the role of government data openness in improving corporate economic and environmental performance,providing important empirical insights for promoting sustainable economic and social development and enhancing the scientific formulation of data openness policies in the context of“Dual Carbon”goals.

关 键 词：政府数据开放 可持续发展 经济绩效 环境绩效 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]